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Masona
Masona or Mausona〔According to Collins (''Visigothic Spain'', 155), his name is of African Berber origin (''Massona'' or ''Massuna'').〕 (died c. 600/610) was the Bishop of Mérida and metropolitan of the province of Lusitania from about 570 (certainly by 573) until his death. He is famous for exercising ''de facto'' rule of the city of Mérida during his tenure as bishop and for founding the first confirmed hospital in Spain.
He was a Visigoth and originally an Arian, but converted to Roman Catholicism probably in the middle of the 6th century,〔Roger Collins, ''Mérida and Toledo: 550–585'', in Edwards, 201.〕 though some have supposed as late as 579. His biographer says he "was indeed a Goth, but was wholly devoted to God with very ready heart," i.e. Catholic.〔Thompson, ''The Goths in Spain'', 25.〕 He entered the church young and served from an early period in the Basilica of Saint Eulalia at Mérida, which had been rebuilt in her honour by Bishop Fidelis about 560. Masona is said to have had such a close relationship with Eulalia that by his prayers and her intercession a plague ravishing all Lusitania was lifted.〔Collins, ''Mérida and Toledo'', 197.〕 Though no writings of his survive, Masona was probably educated in a manner similar to men of classical learning, such as the contemporary Leander of Seville, with whom he shared an exile for a time.
==Government and patronage of Mérida==
Masona built a ''xenodochium'' (580), an inn (hostel) for travellers, with a hospital for the sick incorporated.〔Collins, ''Mérida and Toledo'', 194.〕 The ''xenodochium'' was open to Jews, and Masona is also recorded as showing kindness even to pagans, facts which his biographer clearly thought commendable.〔Thompson (''The Goths in Spain'', 54) points out that it was technically illegal for Christians to eat with Jews, since the Council of Agde had forbidden it in 506.〕 He built many churches and monasteries in and around the city, including one dedicated to the Virgin whose foundation stone still survives and fragments, probably from three distinct churches, which survive as components of the current alcazaba.〔Collins, ''Mérida and Toledo'', 195.〕 The decor preserved on the fragments is an indicator of the splendour of Masona's building projects.〔
Besides his ''xenodochium'', Masona instituted a system of public healthcare. Physicians visited each section of the city to find the sick and bring them to the hospital. The main source of travellers to Mérida was in the form of pilgrimages to the shrine of Saint Eulalia, the city's patron saint.〔Collins, ''Mérida and Toledo'', 208.〕 The food of the hospital was derived from farms dedicated to the hospital by the bishop. Masona also initiated a programme for the distribution of free wine, corn, oil, and honey for the citizens and ''rustici'' (rustics, that is, peasants of the countryside, not the city).〔 Masona established a public credit system by depositing 2,000 ''solidi'' with the deacon Redemptus at the basilica for the citizens to take out loans. A system of public bonds was probably a function of the diocese before the episcopate of Masona, however.〔
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