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Masshouse is a site within Birmingham, United Kingdom under development with the construction of 13 new highrise blocks intended for public services, commerce and residential purposes. When completed, the blocks will have a prominent position on the Eastside skyline. ==History== The Masshouse area existed in the Victorian times as nothing else but Masshouse Lane. It was a small lane which was connected to Dale End and the junction at Albert Street and Duddeston Row. The name derives from the establishment of a Roman Catholic chapel (i.e. for the celebration of Mass) there by a Franciscan priest, Leo Randolph, in 1687, followed by a convent in March 1688. Both were burned down by a mob, instigated by the Protestant Lord Delamere, in November 1688.〔Chinn, Carl ''The Streets of Brum (Part 3)''. Studley: Brewin Books, 2006.〕〔''The Victoria History of the County of Warwick, vol.7''. London: Oxford University Press, 1964〕 ''Showell's Dictionary of Birmingham'' (1885) describes the building and destruction of the "mass house": :Masshouse Lane :- Takes its name from the Roman Catholic Church (or Mass House, as such edifices were then called) erected in 1687, and dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen and St. Francis. The foundation stone was laid 23 March, in the above year, and on 16 August 1688, the first stone of a Franciscan Convent was laid adjoining to the Church, which latter was consecrated 4 Sept.. The Church was 95ft long by 33ft. wide, and towards the building of it and the Convent, James II gave 125 "tuns of timber," which were sold for £180; Sir John Gage gave timber valued at £140; the Dowager Queen Catherine gave £10 15s.; and a Mrs. Anne Gregg, £250. This would appear to have been the first place of worship put up here by the Romish Church since the time of Henry VIII., and it was not allowed to stand long, for the Church and what part of the Convent was built (in the words of the Franciscan priest who laid the first stone) "was first defaced, and most of it burrent within to near ye vallue of 400lb., by ye Lord Dellamer's order upon ye 26 of November, 1688, and ye day sevennight following ye rabble of Birmingham begon to pul ye Church and Convent down, and saesed not until they had pulled up ye foundations. They sold ye materials, of which many houses and parts of houses are built in ye town of Birmingham, ye townsmen of ye better sort not resisting ye rabble, but quietly permitting, if not prompting them to doe itt.".〔https://www.gutenberg.org/files/14472/14472-h/14472-h.htm〕 From 1749 to 1943 it was the site of St Bartholomew’s Church, Birmingham. It was developed in the 1960s into an elevated road intersection on the A4400 road and was named Masshouse Circus. The area below it was cleared and used as a surface car park. The elevated roadways were made of concrete which created an appearance disliked by locals. Under the roads was a large car park with pedestrian subways. There were six subways:〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Infilled Subways (cached by Google) )〕 *New Meeting *Henns Walk *James Watt *Chapel Street *Ryder *Hospital The ring road became known as the "''concrete collar''" and restricted the expansion of the city centre core beyond it into the east. In March 2002, the roundabout was demolished to clear the land for development and this demolition was named the "breaking of the concrete collar". The work was carried out by Birse Civils and designed by Gifford & Partners〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Masshouse Circus Redevelopment, Birmingham ) 〕 in a contract worth £24.2 million. The contractors sought to reuse the of reinforced concrete that was removed during demolition.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Masshouse Circus Redevelopment, Birmingham )〕 Over £9 million from the European Regional Development Fund was invested into the project.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=EU Funding 2000-2006 Birmingham Case Studies ) 〕 A replacement road to connect the Bullring Shopping Centre with Jennens Road was completed and opened in August 2003. However, this has been closed due to a number of injuries to pedestrians.〔 However, the land was left as a car park for a number of years as plans and designs for the development were created. Pieces of the rubble collected from the demolished structure, were put on sale by the Birmingham branch of Friends of the Earth with a price tag of 50p per piece. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Masshouse」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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