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In computing, massively parallel refers to the use of a large number of processors (or separate computers) to perform a set of coordinated computations in parallel (simultaneously). In one approach, e.g., in grid computing the processing power of a large number of computers in distributed, diverse administrative domains, is opportunistically used whenever a computer is available.〔''Grid computing: experiment management, tool integration, and scientific workflows'' by Radu Prodan, Thomas Fahringer 2007 ISBN 3-540-69261-4 pages 1–4〕 An example is BOINC, a volunteer-based, opportunistic grid system, whereby the grid provides power only on a best effort basis.〔''Parallel and Distributed Computational Intelligence'' by Francisco Fernández de Vega 2010 ISBN 3-642-10674-9 pages 65–68〕 In another approach, a large number of processors are used in close proximity to each other, e.g., in a computer cluster. In such a centralized system the speed and flexibility of the interconnect becomes very important, and modern supercomputers have used various approaches ranging from enhanced Infiniband systems to three-dimensional torus interconnects.〔Knight, Will: "IBM creates world's most powerful computer", ''NewScientist.com news service'', June 2007〕 The term also applies to massively parallel processor arrays (MPPAs), a type of integrated circuit with an array of hundreds or thousands of central processing units (CPUs) and Random Access Memory (RAM) banks. These processors pass work to one another through a reconfigurable interconnect of channels. By harnessing a large number of processors working in parallel, an MPPA chip can accomplish more demanding tasks than conventional chips. MPPAs are based on a software parallel programming model for developing high-performance embedded system applications. Goodyear MPP was an early implementation of a massively parallel computer architecture. MPP architectures are the second most common supercomputer implementations after clusters, as of November 2013.〔http://s.top500.org/static/lists/2013/11/TOP500_201311_Poster.png〕 ==See also== *Multiprocessing *Parallel computing *Process oriented programming *Shared nothing architecture (SN) *Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) *Connection Machine * Cellular automaton * CUDA framework 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Massively parallel (computing)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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