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Math wars is the debate over modern mathematics education, textbooks and curricula in the United States that was triggered by the publication in 1989 of the ''Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics'' by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) and subsequent development and widespread adoption of a new generation of mathematics curricula inspired by these standards. While the discussion about math skills has persisted for many decades,〔(Report, National Mathematics Advisory Panel, January 2007'' )〕 the term "math wars" was coined by commentators such as John A. Van de Walle〔(''Reform Mathematics vs. The Basics: Understanding the Conflict and Dealing with It'', John A. Van de Walle Virginia Commonwealth University ); "Debate has degenerated to 'math wars'"〕 and David Klein.〔(''A quarter century of US 'maths wars' and political partisanship'', David Klein, California State University )〕 The debate is over traditional mathematics and reform mathematics philosophy and curricula, which differ significantly in approach and content. ==Advocates of reform== The largest supporter of reform in the US has been the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. One aspect of the debate is over how explicitly children must be taught skills based on formulas or algorithms (fixed, step-by-step procedures for solving math problems) versus a more inquiry-based approach in which students are exposed to real-world problems that help them develop fluency in number sense, reasoning, and problem-solving skills. In this latter approach, conceptual understanding is a primary goal and algorithmic fluency is expected to follow secondarily.〔 Later research showed that conceptual understanding is usually not retained and algorithmic fluency often doesn't follow. Advocates blame educators saying that failures occur not because the method is at fault, but because these educational methods require a great deal of expertise and have not always been implemented well in actual classrooms. A backlash, which advocates call "poorly understood reform efforts" and critics call "a complete abandonment of instruction in basic mathematics," resulted in "math wars" between reform and traditional methods of mathematics education. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Math wars」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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