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Mathern
Mathern ((ウェールズ語:Matharn); older form: ''Merthyr Tewdrig'') is a historic village in Monmouthshire, south east Wales, about south west of the town of Chepstow, close to the Severn estuary, the Bristol Channel and the M48 motorway. The village is designated as a Conservation Area.〔(Adopted Unitary Development Plan )〕 It is now bisected by the motorway, which passes over the road through the village, with the original village located to the south and the more recent development, known as Newton Green, to the north.
==Origins of the village==
An authoritative local history〔(E. T. Davies, ''A history of the Parish of Mathern'', 1990 )〕 suggests that the settlement originates from a time when the St. Pierre Pill, an inlet off the Severn Estuary, was larger and much more important than now, and met an ancient ridgeway which passed through Shirenewton towards Monmouth. The inlet was originally known as ''Porthiscoed'' ("harbour below the woods"), which, as Portskewett, later became the name of a nearby village.
Mathern was originally known as ''Merthyr-Tewdrig'' ("burial-place of Tewdrig"), after the martyrdom of St. Tewdrig, king of Gwent and Glywysing. According to the Book of Llandaff, Tewdrig (or Tewdric) was wounded at Tintern around the year 630, after fighting the invading Saxons with his son Meurig ap Tewdrig. His wounds were washed at a spring, where he died. A church was erected on the site of his burial at Mathern, and he was later revered as a martyr and saint.〔(Kelly's Directory for Monmouthshire, 1901 )〕〔(Wales )〕
In his memory, Meurig gave the surrounding land, extending for several miles, to the Bishops of Llandaff. During the 12th century, the shorter name ''Mateyrn'', meaning "place of a king", came into common use for the village; Meurig's name is perpetuated in the neighbouring village of Pwllmeyric.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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