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Mattapan
Mattapan () is a neighborhood in Boston, Massachusetts. Historically a section of neighboring Dorchester, Mattapan became a part of Boston when Dorchester was annexed in 1870. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 36,480. Like other neighborhoods of the late 19th and early 20th century, Mattapan developed, residentially and commercially, as the railroads and streetcars made downtown Boston increasingly accessible. Predominantly residential, Mattapan is a mix of public housing, small apartment buildings, single-family houses, and two- and three-family houses (known locally as "Three-Deckers" or "Triple-Deckers"). Blue Hill Avenue and Mattapan Square, where Blue Hill Avenue, River Street, and Cummins Highway meet, are the commercial heart of the neighborhood, home to banks, law offices, restaurants, and retail shops. The new Mattapan Branch of the Boston Public library opened 2009, at a cost of more than $4 million. Mattapan has a large portion of green space within the neighborhood. The Harambee Park, the Franklin Zoo, the Boston Nature Zoo Center and Wildlife Sanctuary, and historic Forest Hill Cemetery can all be considered green space within the neighborhood of Mattapan. Mattapan's demographics are diverse, with a large population of Haitians, Caribbean immigrants, and African Americans.〔http://www.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org/neighborhoods/mattapan/at-a-glance〕
Mattapan is claimed as the original Native American name for the Dorchester area, though accounts vary whether the phrase meant "a good place to be," or "a good place to sit" 〔Cf. ("Heart of the City, Mattapan" ), The Rappaport Institute for Greater Boston, at the John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University〕〔Galvin, William Francis, (Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts), (" Archaic Community, District, Neighborhood, Section and Village, Names in Massachusetts" ), Citizen Information Service, Office of The Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 2008. It lists: "''Mattapan / Archaic Name of Dorchester / Suffolk''".〕 or "an evil, spread about place." 〔Dorchester Atheneum, http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=3793.〕
== History ==
Mattapan was originally a part of Dorchester up until the nineteenth century, when it was annexed onto its own neighborhood. Dorchester was settled by English settlers in 1630.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cityofboston.gov/images_documents/Dorchester_Mattapan_brochure_tcm3-19116.pdf )〕 The Neponsett Tribe originally settled Mattapan, which was a tribe of the Massachusetts confederation of Native Americans. The name Mattapan came from tis Native American tribe and it means “a good place to be” or “a good place to sit”. The belief behind why the Neponsett Tribe chose the name Mattapan is that the river runs through it and the area was so full of nature that it was a beautiful place to just sit back and take it all in. At the turn of the 20th century, Caucasians who were primarily Jewish inhabited Mattapan but around the late 1960s the social movement of whites into the suburbs left Mattapan with a very large African American population. Another shift occurred in the 1980s when a significant number of Haitians immigrated to Mattapan, which would lead to the current demographic population. Mattapan because of the Haitian population has become an important center for the Haitian cultural, social, and political life in the entire state of Massachusetts. In 2015, Mattapan has a large population of not just Haitians but also African Americans, Jamaicans, and other Caribbean immigrants.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://mymattapan.org/MattapanFacts )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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