|
|common_name = Mauritania |image_flag = Flag of Mauritania.svg |image_coat = Coat of arms of Mauritania.svg |image_map = Location Mauritania AU Africa.svg |map_caption = |symbol_type = Seal |national_motto = |national_anthem = |official_languages = Arabica |national_languages = |languages_type = Other languages |languages = French Zenaga Berber |official_religion = Sunni Islam |demonym = Mauritanian |capital = Nouakchott |religion = Islam |latd=18 |latm=09 |latNS=N |longd=15 |longm=58 |longEW=W |largest_city = capital |government_type = Unitary semi-presidential republicb |leader_title1 = President |leader_name1 = Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz |leader_title2 = Prime Minister |leader_name2 = Yahya Ould Hademine |legislature = Parliament |upper_house = Senate |lower_house = National Assembly |sovereignty_type = Independence |established_event1 = from France |established_date1 = 28 November 1960 |established_event2 = Current Constitution of Mauritania |established_date2 = 12 July 1991 |area_rank = 29th |area_magnitude = 1 E12 |area_km2 = 1,030,700 |area_sq_mi = 397,954 |percent_water = 0.03 |population_estimate = 3,359,185〔 |population_estimate_year = 2012 |population_estimate_rank = |population_census = 3,537,368〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mauritania population )〕 |population_census_year = 2013 |population_density_km2 = 3.2 |population_density_sq_mi = 8.2 |population_density_rank = 221st |GDP_PPP_year = 2013 |GDP_PPP = $8.286 billion〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mauritania )〕 |GDP_PPP_rank = 154th |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $2,230〔 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 160th |GDP_nominal = $4.547 billion〔 |GDP_nominal_year = 2013 |GDP_nominal_rank = 154th |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $1,224〔 |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 149th |Gini_year = 2008 |Gini_change = |Gini = 40.5 |Gini_ref = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gini Index )〕 |Gini_rank = |HDI_year = 2013 |HDI_change = decrease |HDI = 0.487 |HDI_ref = |HDI_rank = 161st |currency = Ouguiya |currency_code = MRO |country_code = MR |time_zone = |utc_offset = +0 |time_zone_DST = not observed |utc_offset_DST = +0 |drives_on = right |calling_code = +222 |cctld = .mr |footnote_a = According to Article 6 of the Constitution: "The national languages are Arabic, Pulaar, Soninke, and Wolof; the official language is Arabic." |footnote_b = Not recognized internationally (see main article). }} Mauritania ((アラビア語:موريتانيا) '; or ; (ウォロフ語:Gànnaar); Soninke: ''Murutaane''; Pulaar: ''Moritani''), officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, is a country in the Maghreb region of western North Africa. It is the eleventh largest country in Africa and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Moroccan-controlled Western Sahara in the north, Algeria in the northeast, Mali in the east and southeast, and Senegal in the southwest. The country derives its name from the ancient Berber Kingdom of Mauretania, which existed from the 3rd century BC to the 7th century AD, in the far north of modern-day Morocco. Approximately 90% of Mauritania's land is within the Sahara and consequently the population is concentrated in the south, where precipitation is slightly higher. The capital and largest city is Nouakchott, located on the Atlantic coast, which is home to around one-third of the country's 3.5 million people. The government was overthrown on 6 August 2008, in a military coup d'état led by General Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz. On 16 April 2009, Aziz resigned from the military to run for president in the 19 July elections, which he won. About 20% of Mauritanians live on less than US$1.25 per day.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=UNDP: Human development indices – Table 3: Human and income poverty (Population living below national poverty line (2000–07)) )〕 Slavery in Mauritania has been called a major human rights issue, with roughly 4% (155,600 people) of the country's population – proportionally the highest for any country – being enslaved against their will, especially enemies of the government. Additional human rights concerns in Mauritania include female genital mutilation and child labour. ==History== (詳細はウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mauritania」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|