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Mauros
Mauros ((ブルガリア語:Мавър); (ギリシア語:Μαύρος), "black, dark") (fl. 686–711) was a Bulgar leader, one of the chief subordinates and closest supporters of Kuber, a 7th-century Bulgar ruler in Macedonia. After orchestrating a foiled attempt to capture Thessaloniki for Kuber, Mauros remained in the city and joined the ranks of the Byzantine aristocracy. He was bestowed the noble title of ''patrikios'' and was deeply involved in the power struggle between Justinian II and Philippikos Bardanes in the beginning of the 8th century. Mauros is the earliest attested leader, styled ''archon'', to be placed by the Byzantine government in charge of a dependent people, in this case the Bulgars and ''Sermesianoi'' who had fled to Byzantium.
==Bulgar plot to capture Thessaloniki==
Mauros first appears in the sources in relation to Kuber's plot to conquer Thessaloniki in c. 686–687. From the testaments of contemporaneous historians, it is apparent that Mauros was a well-respected figure among the population ruled by Kuber, which consisted of Bulgars and ''Sermesianoi'' (Byzantine refugees from Sirmium on the Sava)〔Curta, p. 106〕 who had settled in Macedonia. Bulgarian historian Plamen Pavlov conjectures that Mauros may have been the ''kavhan'' (first minister) or ''ichirgu-boil'' (general of the highest rank) of Kuber.〔Андреев, p. 246〕 Regardless of whether he had an official title at all, Mauros was certainly among Kuber's most trusted associates.〔〔Бакалов, p. 75〕 Prior to his mission in Byzantium, Mauros was polygamous and a .〔
Due to the increasing flight of Kuber's Byzantine subjects to Thessaloniki, he and Mauros hatched a plan to seize the city and use it as a base for future expansion. Mauros was seen as the ideal candidate to carry out the mission not only due to Kuber's trust in him, but also because Mauros was fluent in Slavic and Greek.〔Ziemann, p. 137〕 In line with the plan, Mauros was sent by Kuber to Thessaloniki pretending to be a refugee in charge of a group of people fleeing from Kuber. Mauros was not only welcomed inside the city, but also put in charge of all Bulgar and ''Sermesianoi'' refugees and given the title of ''hypatos'' by Byzantine Emperor Justinian II (r. 685–695, 705–711). Mauros appears to have commanded his own military force, consisting of former subjects of Kuber who were nominally part of the Byzantine army. While many of Thessaloniki's notables were suspicious of Mauros, his significant power enabled him to effectively deal with anyone who was close to uncovering his plot.〔〔〔
Mauros intended to organize an uprising in Thessaloniki on Easter Saturday, the night before Easter, relying on the lack of preparedness among the city's defenders.〔〔Андреев, pp. 246–247〕〔Ziemann, pp. 137–138〕 However, his plan had perhaps been revealed to the Byzantines: the Byzantine navy and its chief admiral Sisinnios arrived in the city, preventing Mauros from undertaking any military activity. When the navy anchored in Thessaloniki, Mauros appeared to fall ill and spent a long time in bed under the surveillance of Sisinnios. While the allegations against Mauros were never proven, he was nonetheless dispatched outside the city along with Sisinnios' men, hoping to attract new refugees from Kuber and the local Slavs.〔〔〔
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