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Mauve
Mauve (, ;) is a pale purple color〔( Oxford English Dictionaries on-line )〕〔''Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language'', College Edition (1964): "any of several shades of delicate purple."〕 named after the mallow flower (French: ''mauve''). The first use of the word mauve as a color was in 1796–98 according to the ''Oxford English Dictionary'', but its use seems to have been rare before 1859. Another name for the color is mallow〔Maerz and Paul ''A Dictionary of Color'' New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill Page 198〕 with the first recorded use of ''mallow'' as a color name in English in 1611.〔Maerz and Paul ''A Dictionary of Color'' New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill Page 198; Color Sample of Mallow: Page 125 Plate 51 Color Sample I3〕
Mauve contains more grey and more blue than a pale tint of magenta. Many pale wildflowers called "blue" are actually mauve. Mauve is also sometimes described as pale violet.
==Mauveine, the first aniline dye==
(詳細はChemist William Henry Perkin, then eighteen, was attempting to create artificial quinine in 1856. An unexpected residue caught his eye, which turned out to be the first aniline dye – specifically, ''Perkin's mauve'' or mauveine, sometimes called ''aniline purple'', but this new dye was originally called ''Tyrian Purple'' and was only called mauve after it was marketed in 1859. Earlier references to a mauve dye in 1856–58 referred to a color produced using the semi-synthetic dye murexide or a mixture of natural dyes. Perkin was so successful in marketing his discovery to the dye industry that his biography by Simon Garfield is simply entitled ''Mauve''. However, as it faded easily, the success of mauve dye was short-lived and it was replaced by other synthetic dyes by 1873. As the memory of the original dye soon receded, our contemporary understanding of mauve is as a lighter, less saturated color than it was originally known.〔http://www.straw.com/sig/dyehist.html〕
The 1890s are sometimes referred to in retrospect as the "Mauve Decade", because of the characteristic popularity of the subtle color among progressive "artistic" types, both in Europe and the US.〔Thomas Beer, ''The Mauve Decade: American Life at the End of the Nineteeth Century'', 1926.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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