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''Medúlla'' is the sixth studio album by Icelandic musician Björk, released on August 31, 2004 by Warner Bros. Records and One Little Indian. The title derives from the Latin word for "marrow". The album is almost entirely a cappella and constructed with human vocals. ''Medúlla'' received two Grammy Award nominations and reached number one in several record charts. The album cover for Medúlla features Bjork wearing a mask made of hair, a black dress & a necklace that is made of a black substance that says "Medúlla" ==Background and structure== Björk struggled to find a title for the album, originally calling it "Ink", as she wanted the title to represent the "5,000 year-old blood that's inside us all; an ancient spirit that's passionate and dark, a spirit that survives."〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Björk : albums : MEDÚLLA )〕 A friend then suggested "Medúlla", a medical term for bone marrow in Latin.〔 At the time of its construction, Björk considered ''Medúlla'' to be her most political album, saying that it countered outbreaks of racism and patriotism that followed the September 11, 2001, attacks.〔 These messages are prominent throughout the album, especially on the song "Mouth's Cradle". Björk also stated that being pregnant with her daughter, Ísadóra, influenced the album, particularly the song "Submarine".〔 Björk described "Submarine" as a song meant to call her attention to wake up and work, because she felt that maybe she got somewhat lazy after having her daughter. The album consists almost entirely of human vocals and a cappella arrangements; only a few musical instruments are featured: a bass synthesizer on "Who Is It", piano on "Ancestors" and a gong on "Pleasure Is All Mine". However, the vocals are sometimes processed or sampled: for example, the atmospheric haze that dominates "Desired Constellation" was created from a sample of Björk singing the phrase "I'm not sure what to do with it" from "Hidden Place" on her previous album, ''Vespertine''; another example are the cut-up vocals in "Mouth's Cradle"; and also, the beat noises on "Miðvikudags" are made out of Björk clicking her tongue. The album features beatboxing, choral arrangements and throat singing, as well as guest appearances by such artists as Mike Patton, Robert Wyatt, Tanya Tagaq, Rahzel (formerly of The Roots), Shlomo and Dokaka. All songs were written by Björk, except the lyrics for "Sonnets/Unrealities XI" which was based on the poem ''It May Not Always Be So; And I Say'' by E. E. Cummings, and the song "Vökuró", originally by Jórunn Viðar. The album was originally released on CD, SACD and on DVD-Audio and SACD in 5.1-channel advanced resolution. The album was re-released in 2006 as a DualDisc including a lower-quality DTS 96/24 version of the original advanced resolution 5.1 mix. The DualDisc also formed part of the ''( surrounded):'' box set. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Medúlla」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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