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MegaFon (Russian: МегаФон), previously known as North-West GSM, is the second largest mobile phone operator〔("МегаФон" больше не третий ) ''Kommersant''〕 and the third largest telecom operator in Russia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Обзор: Телеком 2014, CNews Telecom 2014: Крупнейшие телекоммуникационные компании России )〕 It works in the GSM, UMTS and LTE standard. Its main competitors are VimpelCom (Beeline), Tele2 (Rostelecom) and Mobile TeleSystems (MTS) in the cellular segment, and Rostelecom and Interregional TransitTelekom in the fixed-line seagment.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ъ - «Большая тройка» отчиталась )〕 As of June 2012, the company serves 62.1 million subscribers in Russia and 1.6 million in Tajikistan, South Ossetia and Abkhazia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Downloads - Cellular Data 2012 - Cellular Data )〕 It is headquartered in Moscow. In 2002 the company changed its name from ''North-West GSM'' to MegaFon when it acquired several regional companies, becoming the first GSM company in Russia to cover all its territory. The name "MegaFon" in Russian looks exactly like the word for a megaphone; other connotations are ''mega-'' as "big" and ''fon'' as "telephone". ==History== June 17, 1993, was the registration date of North-West GSM CJSC (Saint Petersburg). Alexander Malyshev became the first General Director. The major international investors included Scandinavian companies Sonera (Finland), Telia International AB (Sweden) and Telenor Invest AS (Norway). Telecommunication equipment was supplied by Nokia.〔("МегаФон" отметил свое 15-летие в Северной столице" )〕〔("Как закалялась сталь" ) ''ComNews''〕 1994 – launch of commercial operation of GSM (2G) network, the first in Russia.〔("1993-1994. Как на ваше дело повлияла сотовая связь?" ) ''Kommersant''〕〔("История бренда МегаФон" ) ''Brandpedia''〕 1999 – number of the company’s subscribers became over 100,000. By that time the network of the North-West GSM had completely covered Saint Petersburg and Leningrad region, it was also actively expanding in the northern areas of the Russian North-West.〔("По итогам 1999 года абонентская база Северо-Западного GSM составила около 140 тысяч человек." )〕 July 1999 – North-West GSM was the first Russian operator that signed roaming agreements with all countries in Europe. The same year, for the first time ever in Russia, mobile communication started to operate in Saint Petersburg metro, and the operator’s spectrum of value-added services included WAP-access to the Internet. 2000 – shareholders of the company adopted a new strategy that was targeted at the mass market.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Совет директоров и акционеры «Северо-Западного GSM» одобрили план развития компании )〕〔("Северо-Западный GSM" обрел федеральность" ) ''ComNews''〕 November 2001 – number of North-West GSM subscribers exceeded 500,000.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Количество абонентов «Северо-Западного GSM» превысило 600 тыс. человек. )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="Северо-Западный GSM" приступил к реализации проекта сотовой связи в Таджикистане - Старые новости - Новости Санкт-Петербурга - Фонтанка.Ру )〕 May 2002 – The number of North-West GSM subscribers exceeded 1 million.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=К сети "Северо-Западного GSM" подключился миллионный абонент - Старые новости - Новости Санкт-Петербурга - Фонтанка.Ру )〕 May 7, 2002 – in the course of rebranding North-West GSM CJSC was renamed to MegaFon OJSC. Rebranding of the company was started on April 28, 2002, by change of the logo. At that moment, North-West GSM was merged with Sonic Duo CJSC (Moscow), Ural GSM CJSC (Yekaterinburg), Mobicom-Kavkaz CJSC (Krasnodar), Mobicom-Center CJSC, Mobicom-Novosibirsk CJSC, Mobicom-Khabarovsk CJSC, MCS-Povolzhie OJSC, Volzhsky GSM (Saransk, Republic of Mordovia).〔("OJSC MegaFon Company Profile on Rustelecom" ) ''Rustelecom''〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=«Северо-Западный GSM» внедрил WAP-технологию )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=«СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНЫЙ GSM» УНИЧТОЖИТ СВОЙ ЛОГОТИП И НАЗВАНИЕ )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ЗАО "Северо-Западный GSM" изменило структуру собственности - Старые новости - Новости Санкт-Петербурга - Фонтанка.Ру )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ЗАО "Северо-Западный GSM" изменило свой юридический статус и стало основой проекта "МегаФон". )〕 On October 2, 2008, MegaFon launched for operation the first Russian fragment of the third generation network in IMT-2000/UMTS (3G) at the territory of Saint Petersburg and Leningrad region. For the first time ever in this country the radio access sub-system UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) was launched for trial commercial operation and included 30 base stations. And already on October 24, 2007, MegaFon announced about start of 3G service in Saint Petersburg and Leningrad region. For the first time in Russia, the following services became available for mass users: Internet access at the data transmission speed that is ten times higher than in the existing GSM networks (2G and 2,5G) of GPRS/EDGE technology, high-quality Mobile TV, video communication.〔("MegaFon builds up first 3G network fragment in Russia" ) ''CNews''〕〔("Megafon launches first 3G network in Russia" ) ''Pravda.ru''〕 December 2008 – the extraordinary General Shareholders Meeting of MegaFon took a resolution on reorganization of MegaFon OJSC in the form of its merger with Sonic Duo CJSC (Moscow), Ural GSM CJSC (Yekaterinburg), Mobicom-Kavkaz CJSC (Krasnodar), Mobicom-Center CJSC, Mobicom-Novosibirsk CJSC, Mobicom-Khabarovsk CJSC, MCS-Povolzhie OJSC. The number of subscribers exceeded 43.2 million.〔("МегаФон" готовится к реорганизации" ) ''ComNews''〕〔("МегаФон" готовится к реорганизации" ) ''Sotovik''〕 On March 16, 2009, MegaFon founded a virtual mobile network operator "PROSTO" (Just for Communication) on the basis of the Stolichny Branch.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="МегаФон" создает дискаунтера "Просто для общения" )〕〔("У "МегаФона" все не "Просто" ) ''Kommersant''〕〔("МегаФон «Просто»: четвертый не лишний, четвертый запасной?" ) ''Mobile-review.com''〕 On July 1, 2009, reorganization was completed, and now mobile communication services in Russia are provided by the North-West, Stolichny, Kavkaz, Center, Volga, Ural, Siberia and Far East branches of MegaFon OJSC.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="МегаФон" завершил процесс реорганизации )〕〔("МегаФон реорганизовался" )〕 On September 25, 2009, it was announced about rebranding of TT mobile CJSC, subsidiary of MegaFon that provided telecom services under the brand of MLT – "Mobile Lines of Tajikistan". The new company’s name is MegaFon-Tajikistan.〔("Megafon rebrands MLT as Megafon Tajikistan" ) ''TelecomPaper''〕〔("Kazakhstan and Central Asia Telecommunications Report Q4 2011" ) ''Research and Markets''〕〔("Tajiks say ‘no’ to Megafon brand" ) ''TeleGeography''〕 Since March 1, 2010, Ostelecom CJSC started to provide telecom services in the South Ossetia under MegaFon brand.〔("Russia inks telecoms cooperation pact with South Ossetia; MegaFon launches 3G through Ostelekom" ) ''TeleGeography''〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=South Ossetia Gets Connected )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Just Another Mobile Phone Blog )〕〔("МегаФон" запустил 3G в Южной Осетии" ) ''CNews''〕 In June 2010, MegaFon acquired 100% shares of Synterra company, which was a move to strengthen network infrastructure and enhance the positions in the markets of long-distance communication, fixed and mobile broadband access to the Internet, as well as convergence services.〔("MegaFon buys Russian operator for $710 mln -source" ) ''Reuters''〕〔("MegaFon" buy "Synterra" ) '〕 Three months later, the extraordinary General Shareholders Meeting of MegaFon unanimously approved acquisition of 100% shares of PeterStar CJSC from Synterra.〔("MegaFon consolidating PeterStar" ) ''TeleGeography''〕〔("Synterra" went to MegaFon" )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=MegaFon set on PeterStar buy to consolidate northwest ops )〕 Based on the results of Q3 2010 MegaFon became the second-ranked operator in mobile revenue.〔("MegaFon boosts Q3 net profit by 23.1 pct to 14 bln rbls" ) ''RIA Novosti''〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=MegaFon boosts Q3 net profit by 23.1% to RUB 14bn )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=MegaFon Q3 revenue rises by 23% (Russia) )〕〔("MegaFon S.A. 3rd Quarter Results" ) ''Bloomberg''〕 Based on Q3 2010 results MegaFon became the leader in the revenue share from value-added services (VAS) among the Big Three operators. As a result of 2010, MegaFon became the Top 2 operator (after MTS) in number subscribers among the Russian cellular communication providers.〔("Мегафон" занял второе место в "большой тройке" операторов" ) ''Lenta.ru''〕〔("MegaFon sees FY10 revenues increase 18.5% to RUB215.5 billion" ) ''TeleGeography''〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Мегафон обогнал Вымпелком по количеству обслуживаемых абонентов )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Перестановки в "большой тройке" )〕〔("МегаФон" впервые обогнал "ВымпелКом" по количеству абонентов" )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=CNews: «Мегафон» обогнал «Билайн» )〕 As a result of 2010, MegaFon acquired the Top Second position in terms of revenue among the Russian Big Three operators.〔("МегаФон" заявил о рекордной выручке в 2010 году" ) ''Lenta.ru''〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=«МегаФон»: «Мы вышли на второе место по выручке в России» )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=«Ведомости»: «Мегафон» обогнал «Вымпелком» по объему выручки )〕〔("Серебро для "Мегафона" ) ''Vedomosti''〕 On July 20, 2011, it was announced about rebranding of TT mobile CJSC. MLT brand was renamed to MegaFon-Tajikistan.〔〔〔 In November 2011, MegaFon signed a partnership agreement with Scartel on joint development of the Forth Generation networks LTE (Long Term Evolution) in Russia. As a result, the company got the opportunity to provide LTE 4G services using Scartel’s equipment. In its turn, Scartel will be able to use MegaFon’s infrastructure.〔("Yota targets Moscow LTE launch in April; MegaFon to piggyback as MVNO" ) ''TeleGeography''〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=MegaFon's Agreement with Scartel on LTE Technology Is Credit Positive )〕〔("Megafon plans LTE launch on Yota network in H1" ) ''TelecomPaper''〕 In December 2011, the company created MegaLabs, 100% subsidiary, which is the single center of innovative design and prompt launch of value-added services. The new company is focused on fast introduction of advanced products and services to the market (content and media, mobile finance, mobile advertising, cloud solutions, М2М, e-government, m-health, etc.) through efficient partnership with well-known market players and young teams of developers. At the same time, MegaLabs is a platform for experimental designs by MegaFon.〔("Megafon to outsource VAS to subsidiary" ) ''TelecomPaper''〕〔("МегаФон" выводит MegaLabs" ) ''Sotovik.ru''〕 In August 2012 MegaFon released its first smartphone called Megafon Mint in Russia with the new Intel Atom (system on chip).〔("MegaFon Announces its First Smartphone with Intel Inside®" ) ''intel.com''〕 In December 2013 the company received a licence for cable television broadcasting.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="МегаФон" получил лицензию на кабельное вещание )〕 In January 2014 the company has launched international roaming data networks in the fourth generation. The first countries where service is available are Switzerland and South Korea. The same month MegaFon CEO Ivan Tavrin obtained a 12% stake of VK.com, Russia's most popular social networking website, from VK's founder Pavel Durov. On February 2014 board of directors of MegaFon has approved a deal to buy a 100% voting stake in SMARTS Volgograd, a unit of mobile firm SMARTS which covers the Volga and central regions of the country. In same month, MegaFon commercially launched fragment network LTE Advanced (LTE-A) within the Garden Ring in Moscow. Formerly MegaFon network tested LTE-A in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. For this Megafon uses bands in the range 2600 MHz own unique combination of frequency spectrum and network resource of Skartel as a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=LTE продвинулось в Москве )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「MegaFon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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