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Mehringplatz
Mehringplatz is a round plaza (or circus)〔A circus is "circular open space at a street junction"〕 at the southern tip of the Friedrichstadt neighbourhood in Kreuzberg, Berlin. It marks the southern end of Friedrichstraße. Until 1970 both Lindenstraße and Wilhelmstrasse led into it. In 1947 it was renamed after the publicist Franz Mehring (1846–1919).
Mehringplatz is one of three prominent squares laid out about 1730 in the course of the city's Baroque extension under King Frederick William I of Prussia, along with Pariser Platz (former ''Karree'') and Leipziger Platz (''Octogon''). Due to its circular shape, Mehringplatz was initially named ''Rondell''; but on 22nd October 1815, it was renamed ''Belle-Alliance-Platz'' after the ''Battle of La Belle Alliance'', an alternative name for the Battle of Waterloo that was then popular in Prussia. ''Rondell'' was the southern entrance to Berlin via ''Hallesches Tor'', a gate on the newer city wall on the road to Halle.
The circus was refurbished during the 1830s, including the erection of the ''Friedenssäule'' ("Peace Column") with a statue of Victoria by Christian Daniel Rauch in 1843. The area was completely devastated in World War Two, particularly in an air raid on 3rd February 1945 and the Battle of Berlin which followed. In the 1960s Mehringplatz was redeveloped as a pedestrian zone located at the centre of a large social housing area according to a Hans Scharoun conception, which was ultimately executed by the Berlin architect Werner Düttmann. During the 1990s, the installation of striking murals was used to decorate the lower walls of the courtyard areas of the housing blocks.
==Footnotes==
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抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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