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Meknes
Meknès ((アラビア語:مكناس), Berber: ⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ Mknas or Meknas, (フランス語:Meknès), (スペイン語:Mequinez)) is a city in northern Morocco and the sixth largest city of the kingdom. Meknes was the capital of Morocco under the reign of Moulay Ismail (1672–1727), before it was relocated to Marrakesh. The urban population is estimated at 650,000〔Template:Largest cities of Morocco〕 with the metropolitan population close to 1,000,000. It is the capital of the Meknes-Tafilalet region. Meknes is named after a Berber tribe which was known as ''Miknasa'' (native Berber name: Imeknasen) in the medieval North African sources.
==History==
A Berber tribe called the Miknasa, originally from the Tunisian south, settled here in the 9th century.
The Almoravids founded a fortress here in the 11th century. It resisted the Almohads rise, and was thus destroyed by them, only to be rebuilt in a larger size with mosques and large fortifications. Under the Merinids it received further madrasas, kasbahs and mosques in the early 14th century, and continued to thrive under the Wattasid dynasty. Meknes saw its golden age as the imperial capital of Moulay Ismail following his accession to the Sultanate of Morocco (1672–1727). He installed under the old city a large prison to house Christian sailors captured on the sea, and also constructed numerous edifices, gardens, monumental gates, mosques (whence the city's nickname of "City of a Hundred Minarets") and the large line of wall, having a length of .
According to the ICOMOS Heritage at Risk report of 2000, the historic city of Meknes contains insufficient drainage systems, and as a result suffers from inundation and leakage in certain areas.〔(ICOMOS Heritage at Risk 2000 )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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