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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Melanocharitidae ： ウィキペディア英語版 Melanocharitidae The Melanocharitidae, the berrypeckers and longbills, is a small bird family restricted to the forests of New Guinea. The family contains ten species in four (sometimes three) genera. They are small songbirds with generally dull plumage but a range of body shapes. ==Taxonomy and systematics== The identification of the family Melanocharitidae was not known or suspected until the work of Sibley and Ahlquist on the taxonomy of birds using DNA–DNA hybridization The genera had been instead placed with other families. The two genera of berrypecker had been placed inside the flowerpecker family Dicaeidae, and the longbills were once considered to be honeyeaters (which they closely resemble). Sibley and Ahlquist placed the berrypeckers and longbill family close to the painted berrypeckers (Paramythiidae), sunbirds and flowerpeckers, but a 2002 study found them closer to the satinbirds (Cnemophilidae, a recent split from the birds-of-paradise).〔 It comprises ten species in four genera, the ''Melanocharis'' berrypeckers and the longbills in the genera ''Toxorhamphus'' and ''Oedistoma''. The two longbill genera are sometimes incorrectly lumped into the same genus, ''Toxorhamphus'', in spite of ''Oedistoma'' being erected forty years prior to ''Toxorhamphus'' (a violation of the taxonomic principal of priority).〔 There are both molecular and morphological reasons to keep the two genera separate, however. A 1993 study of the longbills, berrypeckers and some other aberrant honeyeaters found that the dwarf longbill was more closely related to the berrypeckers than the two longbills in the genus ''Toxorhamphus''. There are also some morphological differences in the shape of the tarsus. The two species in ''Oedistoma'', however, may not be closely related and more research is needed.〔 The spotted berrypecker is placed in its own genus ''Rhamphocharis'', while some treatments lump it with the ''Melanocharis'' berrypeckers it is anatomically and behaviourally distinct.〔 There is some confusion with the common names, as there are two other berrypecker species in the tiny family Paramythiidae, once considered to be close to the flowerpeckers as well; and several Old World warbler genera in Africa also known as longbills. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Melanocharitidae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.