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Melanopsidae, common name melanopsids, is a family of freshwater gastropods in the clade Sorbeoconcha. Species in this family are native to southern and eastern Europe, northern Africa, parts of the Middle East, New Zealand, and freshwater streams of some large South Pacific islands.〔Banarescu P. (1990). ''Zoogeography of Fresh Waters Vol. 1, General Distribution and Dispersal of Freshwater Animals.'' AULA-Verlag Wiesbaden.〕 These snails first appeared in the Late Cretaceous and are closely related to Potamididae. As well as unidirectional evolutionary change from one species to the next over time, the process of hybridization plays a major role in the appearance of new Melanopsidae species.〔Bandel K. (2000). "Speciation among the Melanopsidae (Caenogastropoda). Special emphasis to the Melanopsidae of the Pannonian Lake at Pontian time (Late Miocene) and the Pleistocene and Recent of Jordan". ''Mitt. Geol.-Paläont. Inst. Univ. Hamburg'', Heft 84.〕 According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Melanopsidae has no subfamilies.〔 ==Genera== Genera in the family Melanopsidae include: * ''Amphimelania'' P. Fischer, 1885〔〔 * ''Esperiana'' Bourguignat, 1877〔 * ''Fagotia'' Bourguignat, 1884〔〔 * ''Holandriana'' Bourguignat, 1884〔 * * ''Holandriana holandrii'' (C. Pfeiffer, 1828)〔〔("Species summary for ''Holandriana holandrii''" ). AnimalBase, last modified 30 August 2010, accessed 26 June 2011.〕 or ''Amphimelania holandrii'' (C. Pfeiffer, 1828)〔("''Amphimelania holandrii'' (C. Pfeiffer 1828)" ). Fauna Europaea, accessed 26 June 2011.〕 * ''Melanopsis'' Férussac, 1807 - type genus of the family Melanopsidae〔〔〔Glöer P. (2002). ''Die Süßwassergastropoden Nord- und Mitteleuropas''. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 326 pp., ISBN 3-925919-60-0, page 190-194.〕 * † ''Pseudobellardia'' Cox, 1931〔("Melanopsidae" ). The Paleobiology Database, accessed 26 June 2011.〕 * † ''Stomatopsis'' Stache, 1871〔〔 * † ''Stylospirula'' Rovereto, 1899〔 * ''Zemelanopsis'' Finlay, 1927〔Bandel K. (2006). "Families of the Cerithioidea and related superfamilies (Palaeo-Caenogastropoda; Mollusca) from the Triassic to the Recent characterized by protoconch morphology - including the description of new taxa". ''Freiberger Forschungshefte'' C 511: 59-138. (PDF ).〕 * * ''Zemelanopsis trifasciata'' (Gray, 1843)〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Melanopsidae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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