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Melodifestivalen (; literally "The Melody Festival") is an annual music competition organised by Swedish public broadcasters Sveriges Television (SVT) and Sveriges Radio (SR). It determines the country's representative for the Eurovision Song Contest, and has been staged almost every year since 1959. Since 2000, the competition has been the most popular television programme in Sweden;〔(Television in Sweden ). Sweden.se (30 September 2005). Retrieved on 20 October 2006.〕 it is also broadcast on radio and the Internet. In 2012, the semifinals averaged 3.3 million viewers, and over an estimated four million people in Sweden watched the final, almost half of the Swedish population.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://mms.se/_dokument/rapporter/manad/M%C3%A5nadsrapport_2012-02.pdf )〕 The festival has produced six Eurovision winners and eighteen top-five placings for Sweden at the contest. The winner of the Melodifestival has been chosen by panels of jurors since its inception. Since 1999, the juries have been joined by a public telephone vote which has an equal influence over the final outcome. The competition makes a considerable impact on music charts in Sweden. The introduction of semifinals in 2002 raised the potential number of contestants from around twelve to thirty-two. A children's version of the competition, Lilla Melodifestivalen, also began that year. Light orchestrated pop songs, known locally as ''schlager'' music, are so prevalent that the festival is sometimes referred to as ''Schlagerfestivalen'' ("The schlager festival") by the Swedish media.〔("Jag koncentrerar mig på schlagerfestivalen" ) (am concentrating on schlagerfestivalen" ). Aftonbladet.se (27 February 2002). Retrieved on October 20, 2006.〕〔Anders Foghagen (13 October 2006) (Agnes diskad från Schlagerfestivalen ) (disqualified from schlagerfestivalen" ). TV4.se. Retrieved on October 20, 2006. 〕 However, other styles of music such as rap, reggae, and glam rock have made an appearance since the event's expansion. The introduction of a grand final in Stockholm has attracted substantial tourism to the city.〔The Swedish Research Institute of Tourism (17–18 March 2006). (Melodifestivalen 2006 ). Retrieved on 23 January 2008.〕 == Origins == (詳細はLugano, Switzerland in May 1956. Sweden's first contest was the third, in 1958. Without broadcasting a selection, Sveriges Radio (SR) chose to send Alice Babs to the contest in Hilversum. The song selected was "Samma stjärna lyser för oss två", later renamed "Lilla stjärna".〔Leif Thorsson. ''Melodifestivalen genom tiderna'' (through time" ) (2006), p. 12. Stockholm: Premium Publishing AB. ISBN 91-89136-29-2〕 It finished fourth at Eurovision on 12 March 1958. The first Melodifestival, incorporated into the ''Säg det med musik'' radio series, took place on 29 January 1959 at Cirkus in Stockholm; eight songs participated. Four "expert" juries in Stockholm, Gothenburg, Malmö, and Luleå decided the winner.〔Thorsson, p. 19〕 The competition was won by Siw Malmkvist performing "Augustin", but SR decided that the winning song—regardless of its original performer—would be performed by Brita Borg at Eurovision. This policy, of selecting the artist for Eurovision internally and having other artists perform potential Swedish entries at Melodifestivalen, was stopped in 1961. The competition became a stand-alone television programme in 1960, known as the ''Eurovisionschlagern, svensk final''. In the event's early years, it was broadcast to Norway and Denmark through the Nordvision network.〔Thorsson, p. 17.〕 The competition adopted its current name, ''Melodifestivalen'', in 1967. The Melodifestival has failed to be staged on three occasions. In 1964, the competition was cancelled due to an artist's strike; Sweden did not send a song to Eurovision that year.〔Thorsson, pp. 48–49.〕 Sweden was absent at Eurovision for a second time in 1970 because of a Nordic boycott of the voting system, which had led to a four-way tie for first place at the 1969 contest.〔Thorsson, pp. 82–83.〕 After SR staged the 1975 contest in Stockholm, left-wing groups argued that Sweden should not spend money to win and host Eurovision again. This led to mass demonstrations against commercial music and the organisation of an anti-commercial ''Alternativfestivalen''.〔Thorsson, pp. 118–119.〕 Therefore, Sweden decided not send a song to Eurovision 1976, but returned in 1977. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Melodifestivalen」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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