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Mempo
Mempo (also menpō, mengu〔(''Arms and armor of the samurai: the history of weaponry in ancient Japan'', Authors Ian Bottomley, Anthony Hopson, Contributor Anthony Hopson, reprint, Publisher Crescent Books, 1993, Original from the University of Virginia, Digitized Aug 26, 2008, ISBN 0-517-10318-4, ISBN 978-0-517-10318-0 P.77,178, 186 )〕〔(''The Watanabe Art Museum Samurai Armour Collection (Kabuto & Mengu, Volume I'') Trevor Absolon (Author), Brian Snoody (Illustrator), Barry Till (Preface), Anthony J. Bryant (Editor), Trevor Absolon & Dave thatcher (Photographer), Ian Bottomley (Introduction), Ian Bottomley & Anthony J. Bryant (Foreword) Publisher(Toraba), 2011 P.234 )〕〔(''Samurai: The Weapons and Spirit of the Japanese Warrior'', Author Clive Sinclaire, ,Publisher Globe Pequot, 2004, ISBN 1-59228-720-4, ISBN 978-1-59228-720-8 P.30,138 )〕 or occasionally men yoroi〔(''Samurai 1550-1600'', Anthony J. Bryant, Angus McBride, Osprey Publishing, 1994 p.28 )〕), is the term for various types of facial armour worn by the samurai class and their retainers in feudal Japan. Types of Japanese facial armour include the ''somen'', ''menpō'', ''hanpo'' and ''happuri''.
==Description==
Mempo were facial armour which covered all or part of the face and provided a way to secure the top-heavy ''kabuto'' (helmet). The ''Shinobi-no-o'' (chin cord) of the kabuto would be tied under the chin of the mempo.〔(''Samurai 1550-1600'', Anthony J. Bryant, Angus McBride, Osprey Publishing, 1994 p.28 )〕 There were small hooks called ''ori-kugi'' or posts called ''odome'' located on various places to help secure the kabuto's chin cord. Mengu may be constructed from iron or leather, or a combination of both. They may have a lacquered or rusted type of finish and can include a variety of facial details, such as moustaches, fierce teeth and a detachable nose.〔(''Samurai: The Weapons and Spirit of the Japanese Warrior'', Author Clive Sinclaire, ,Publisher Globe Pequot, 2004, ISBN 1-59228-720-4, ISBN 978-1-59228-720-8 P.30,138 )〕〔he Watanabe Art Museum Samurai Armour Collection (Kabuto & Mengu, Volume I) Trevor Absolon (Author), Brian Snoody (Illustrator), Barry Till (Preface), Anthony J. Bryant (Editor), Trevor Absolon & Dave thatcher (Photographer), Ian Bottomley (Introduction), Ian Bottomley & Anthony J. Bryant (Foreword) Publisher(Toraba), 2011 P.234]〕 Most mempo with the exception of the happuri had a small hole underneath the chin for sweat drainage.
Mempo are similar to masks worn by armored cavalry and infantry in ancient Chinese armies from the Han Dynasty to the Song Dynasty.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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