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Mestiço
(詳細はMulatto, a person with European and African blood;〔Cheryl Sterling ''(African Roots, Brazilian Rites: Cultural and National Identity in Brazil )'' p226 note 22 "Jacque uses the term... instead of mulato"〕 Zambo, a person with South American Amerindian and African blood, and Pardo evolved to mean a person with blood from all 3 races. As the Portuguese Empire expanded to Africa and Asia, the word Mestiço came to mean a mixed individual regardless of what racial category he is in. Today the word caboclo has replaced the word mestiço to mean an individual who has a mixed European and Amerindian background.
==Mestiço – Brazil==
In Brazil, the word ''mestiço'' was substituted for "pardo" in the 1890 census, alongside "caboclo" (brown).〔Edward E. Telles ''Race in Another America: The Significance of Skin Color in Brazil'' 140083743X 2014 - "The 1890 census, like the previous census, used the color categories white, black, and caboclo, but the term mestiço was substituted for pardo. Thus, I combine mestiço and caboclo to form an equivalent brown category for 1890.〕 but then returned to "pardo" in subsequent censuses.〔G. Reginald Daniel ''Machado de Assis: Multiracial Identity and the Brazilian ...'' 0271052465 2012 p.148 "The Dia do Mestiço occurs on June 27, three days after the Day of the Caboclo (Dia do Caboclo), the caboclos ... although the 1890 census used the term "mestiço", subsequent censuses replaced it with "pardo", reflecting a return to previous ..."〕
The term was and is used to describe individuals born from any mixture of different ethnicities. Mainly these individuals usually have a blend in African, Native American, and European Caucasian. there are specific groups like - European/Portuguese Portuguese and Native American parents are commonly known as ''caboclo'' or, more commonly in the past, ''mameluco''. Individuals of European and African ancestry are described as ''mulato''. ''Cafuzos'' (known as ''zambo'' in the English language) are the production of Native American and African ancestors. if someone has a mix of all three they are known as "pardo". Brazil celebrates The Mixed Race Day Dia do Mestiço (June 27 is an official date in States of Amazonas) to celebrate racial unity in the nation, Paraíba and Roraima. The Day of the Caboclo (Dia do Caboclo) occurs June 24.〔Anadelia A. Romo ''Brazil's Living Museum: Race, Reform, and Tradition in ...'' 2010 0807895946- Page 33 "THE ROLE OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN DEFINING RACE. In establishing the framework for the "problem" of racial mixing, Nina Rodriguex ... His broad definition of mestiçagem came in part from what he viewed as a long history of genetic intermingling and intermixing in Brazil's population. He believed that the crossing of races created a "truly mestiço, intermediate way of being" ..."〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Mestiço」の詳細全文を読む
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