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''Metousiosis'' is a Greek term (') that means a change of ' (essence, inner reality). == History == Cyril Lucaris (or Lucar), the Patriarch of Alexandria and later of Constantinople, used this Greek term to express the idea for which the Latin term is ''transsubstantiatio'' (transubstantiation), which likewise literally means a change of ''substantia'' (substance, inner reality), using, in the 1629 Latin text of his ''The Eastern Confession of the Orthodox Faith'', the term ''transsubstantiatio'', and, in the Greek translation published in 1633, the term '. To counter the teaching of Lucaris, who denied ''transsubstantiatio/'', Metropolitan Petro Mohyla of Kiev (also called Peter Mogila) drew up in Latin an Orthodox Confession, defending transubstantiation. Translated into Greek, using "" for the Latin term "transubstantiation", this Confession was approved by all the Greek-speaking Patriarchs (those of Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem) in 1643, and again by the 1672 Synod of Jerusalem (also referred to as the Council of Bethlehem). The declaration of the 1672 Orthodox Synod of Jerusalem is quoted by J.M. Neale (''History of Eastern Church'', Parker, Oxford and London, 1858) as follows: "When we use the word ''metousiosis'', we by no means think it explains the mode by which the bread and wine are converted into the Body and Blood of Christ, for this is altogether incomprehensible . . . but we mean that the bread and wine are changed into the Body and Blood of the Lord, not figuratively or symbolically, nor by any extraordinary grace attached to them . . . but . . . the bread becomes verily and indeed and essentially the very true Body of the Lord, and the wine the very Blood of the Lord." The Catechism of the Catholic Church likewise states that the change is real, but that how it occurs is a mystery: "The signs of bread and wine become, in a way surpassing understanding, the Body and Blood of Christ."〔(Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1333 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Metousiosis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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