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Mexicayotl
Mexicayotl (Nahuatl word meaning "Essence of the Mexican", "Mexicanity"; Spanish: ''Mexicanidad''; see ''-yotl'') is a movement reviving the indigenous religion, philosophy and traditions of ancient Mexico (Aztec religion and Aztec philosophy) among the Mexican people.〔Yolotl González Torres. ''The Revival of Mexican Religions: The Impact of Nativism''. ''Numen - International Review for the History of Religions''. Vol. 43, No. 1 (Jan., 1996; published by: BRILL), pp. 1-31〕
The movement came to light in the 1950s, led by Mexico City intellectuals, but has grown significantly on a grassroots level only in more recent times, also spreading to the Mexicans of North America.〔Susanna E. Rostas. ''(Mexicanidad: The Resurgence of the Indian in Popular Mexican Nationalism ). University of Cambridge, 1997.〕 Their rituals involve the mitotiliztli.〔Jennie Marie Luna. ''(Danza Azteca: Indigenous Identity, Spirituality, Activism and Performance )''. San Jose State University, Department of Mexican American Studies. 2011〕 The followers, called ''Mexicatl'' (singular) and ''Mexicah'' (plural), or simply ''Mexica'', are mostly urban and sub-urban dwellers.〔
==History==
The Mexicayotl movement started in the 1950s with the founding of the group ''Nueva Mexicanidad'' by Antonio Velasco Piña. In the same years Rodolfo Nieva López founded the ''Movimiento Confederado Restaurador de la Cultura del Anáhuac'',〔Lauro Eduardo Ayala Serrano. ''Tiempo Indígena: la construcción de imaginarios prehispánicos''.〕 the co-founder of which was Francisco Jimenez Sanchez who in later decades became a spiritual leader of the Mexicayotl movement, endowed with the honorific ''Tlacaelel''. He had a deep influence in shaping the movement, founding the In Kaltonal ("House of the Sun", also called Native Mexican Church) in the 1970s.〔''(Tlacaelel Francisco Jimenez Sanchez biography )''. In Kaltonal, 2005.〕
From the 1970s onwards Mexcayotl has grown developing in a web of local worship and community groups (called ''calpulli'' or ''kalpulli'')〔 and spreading to the Mexican Americans or Chicanos in the United States. It has also developed strong ties with Mexican national identity movements and Chicano nationalism.〔Zotero Citlalcoatl. (AMOXTLI YAOXOCHIMEH ).〕 Sanchez's Native Mexican Church (which is a confederation of calpullis) was officially recognised by the government of Mexico in 2007.〔(Religión prehispánica renace en el siglo 21 )''. Vanguardia, 2008.〕
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