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MiR-155
MiR-155 is a microRNA that in humans is encoded by the ''MIR155'' host gene or ''MIR155HG''.〔 MiR-155 plays a role in various physiological and pathological processes. Exogenous molecular control ''in vivo'' of miR-155 expression may inhibit malignant growth, viral infections, and enhance the progression of cardiovascular diseases. == Discovery ==
The ''MIR155HG'' was initially identified as a gene that was transcriptionally activated by promoter insertion at a common retroviral integration site in B-cell lymphomas and was formerly called BIC (B-cell Integration Cluster). It was later found that the ''MIR155HG'' was composed of three exons that span a 13 kb region within human chromosome 21 (Hsa21 band q21.3) (see Figure 1). The ''MIR155HG'' is transcribed by RNA polymerase II and the resulting ~1,500 nucleotide RNA is capped and polyadenylated. The 23 nucleotide single-stranded miR-155, which is harbored in exon 3, is subsequently processed from the parent RNA molecule.
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