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''Micrographia'' is a historically significant book by Robert Hooke about his observations through various lenses. It is particularly notable for being the first book to illustrate insects, plants etc. as seen through microscopes. Published in January 1665, the first major publication of the Royal Society, it became the first scientific best-seller, inspiring a wide public interest in the new science of microscopy. It is also notable for coining the biological term ''cell''. ==Observations== Hooke most famously describes a fly's eye and a plant cell (where he coined that term because plant cells, which are walled, reminded him of the cells in a honeycomb〔"... I could exceedingly plainly perceive it to be all perforated and porous, much like a Honey-comb, but that the pores of it were not regular () these pores, or cells, () were indeed the first microscopical pores I ever saw, and perhaps, that were ever seen, for I had not met with any Writer or Person, that had made any mention of them before this. . ." – Hooke describing his observations on a thin slice of cork. (Robert Hooke )〕). Known for its spectacular copperplate engravings of the miniature world, particularly its fold-out plates of insects, the text itself reinforces the tremendous power of the new microscope. The plates of insects fold out to be larger than the large folio itself, the engraving of the louse in particular folding out to four times the size of the book. Although the book is best known for demonstrating the power of the microscope, ''Micrographia'' also describes distant planetary bodies, the wave theory of light, the organic origin of fossils, and other philosophical and scientific interests of its author. Hooke also selected several objects of human origin; among these objects were the jagged edge of a honed razor and the point of a needle, seeming blunt under the microscope. His goal may well have been as a way to contrast the flawed products of mankind with the perfection of nature (and hence, in the spirit of the times, of biblical creation). Image:Hooke Microscope-03000276-FIG-4.jpg|Microscope manufactured by Christopher Cock of London for Robert Hooke. Hooke is believed to have used this microscope for the observations that formed the basis of ''Micrographia''. (M-030 00276) Courtesy - Billings Microscope Collection, National Museum of Health and Medicine, AFIP). Image:Louse diagram, Micrographia, Robert Hooke, 1667.jpg|Hooke's drawing of a louse Image:HookeFlea01.jpg|Hooke's drawing of a flea Image:Hooke-microscope.png|Hooke's microscope. Image:RobertHookeMicrographia1665.jpg|Hooke was the first to apply the word "cell" to biological objects: Cork. Image:Hooke-gnat.jpg|Hooke's drawing of a gnat. Image:Compoundeye.png|Hooke's drawing of a grey dronefly. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Micrographia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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