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Minyekyawswa ((ビルマ語:မင်းရဲကျော်စွာ), ; 1391–1417) was crown prince of Ava from 1406 to 1417, and commander-in-chief of Ava's military from 1409 to 1417. He is best remembered in Burmese history as the courageous general who waged the most fierce battles of Forty Years' War (1385–1424) against King Razadarit of Hanthawaddy Pegu. The prince, who led an army battalion at age 13 and the entire army at 15, was his father King Minkhaung I's best and most trusted general. Between 1406 and 1417, the father and son team waged war on all of Ava's neighbors, and nearly succeeded in reassembling the Pagan Empire under Ava's leadership. By 1416, Ava had defeated two strongest Shan states of Mohnyin (1406) and Theinni (1413) in the north, overrun Arakan (1406, 1412) in the west, and seized the entire Irrawaddy delta (1415) in the south, forcing Razadarit to flee Pegu for Martaban. On the cusp of final victory, Minyekyawswa was wounded in a battle near Dala (Yangon), and captured by the Hanthawaddy army in March 1417. The crown prince of Ava refused treatment, and died shortly after. He was 25. Minyekyawswa was deeply respected by both sides for his courage. His archenemy Razadarit gave him a burial with full royal honors and rites. Minyekyawswa's campaigns of 1414–1417 were the climax of Forty Years' War. After his death, the war quickly petered out. Only two more campaigns (1417–1418 and 1423–1424) were fought half-heartedly by both sides. Ava's military success was mostly attributable to his inspired leadership; Ava would not see this kind of success again. Minkhaung and Minyekyawswa's struggles against Razadarit are retold as classic stories of legend in Burmese popular culture. Minyekyawswa's name is still invoked alongside the names of greatest warrior kings of Burmese history. ==Early life== Minyekyawswa was the first child of Minkhaung, the Prince of Pyinsi by his chief queen Shin Mi-Nauk, a daughter of the saopha (Chief) of the Shan state of Mohnyin. He was born in 1390/1391 (752 ME).〔The two main Burmese chronicles, ''Maha Yazawin'' and ''Hmannan Yazawin'' do not agree on the birth year. (Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 4) says he was born in 752 ME (1390/1391 CE) but (Maha Yazawin Vol. 2 2006: 28) gives three years later, 755 ME (1393/1394 CE). G.E. Harvey (Harvey 1925: 87) gives 1391.〕 His birth name was Min Phyu. As Minkhaung himself was one-eighth Shan, Minyekyawswa was 9/16th Shan, and 7/16th Burman. During his youth, he grew up in Pyinsi, located about 30 miles south of Ava where his father was in charge. According to Burmese and Mon chronicles, the people of Ava and Hanthawaddy kingdoms believed that Minyekyawswa was the reincarnation of Prince Bawlawkyantaw of Hanthawaddy, who was executed on the orders of his father Razadarit for suspicion of treason in 1390. Bawlawkyantaw was said to have sworn an oath before taking the poison that if he were innocent, he was to be reborn in the dynasty of Ava kings, and be the scourge of Mons. Still according to the legend, Shin Mi-Nauk supposedly wanted to eat three types of delicacies from Lower Burma, and ordered them. Shortly after, she became pregnant with Minyekyawswa. In the superstitious world of Burmese politics, Razadarit was said to have been greatly concerned.〔Harvey 1925: 86–95〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Minyekyawswa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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