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Mohammedan
Mohammedan (also spelled ''Muhammadan'', ''Mahommedan'', ''Mahomedan'' or ''Mahometan'') is a term for a follower of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.〔John Bowker. "Muhammadans". ''The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions''. 1997. p. 389.〕 It is used as both a noun and an adjective, meaning belonging or relating to, either Muhammad or the religion, doctrines, institutions and practices that he established.〔-Ologies & -Isms. Copyright 2008 The Gale Group, Inc.〕〔Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, edited by Noah Porter, published by G & C. Merriam Co., 1913〕 The word was formerly common in usage, but the terms Muslim and Islamic are more common today. Though sometimes used stylistically by some Muslims, a vast majority consider the term a misnomer.〔 See section "Muslim objections to the term" 〕
==Etymology==
The OED cites 1663 as the first recorded usage of the English term, along with the older term ''Mahometan'' that dates back to at least 1529. The English term is derived from New Latin ''Mahometanus'', from Medieval Latin ''Mahometus'', Muhammad. It meant simply a follower of Mohammad.〔A concise etymological dictionary of the English language, By Walter William Skeat〕
In Christian Western Europe, down to the 13th century or so, some people had a mistaken belief that Muhammad had either been a heretical Christian or that he was a god worshipped by Muslims.〔Kenneth Meyer Setton (1 July 1992). "(Western Hostility to Islam and Prophecies of Turkish Doom )". DIANE Publishing. ISBN 0-87169-201-5. pg 4-15 - "Some Europeans believed that Moslems worshipped Mohammed as a god,()" (4)〕 Some works of Medieval European literature referred to Muslims as "pagans" or by sobriquets such as the ''paynim foe''. Depictions, such as those in the ''Song of Roland'', depict Muslims praying to a variety of "idols", including Apollo, Lucifer, Termagant,〔''Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable'', "(Termagant )〕 and Mahound. When the Knights Templar were being tried for heresy, reference was often made to their worship of a demon Baphomet, which was notable, by implication, for its similarity to Muhammad's name when transliterated in to Latin, "Mahomet", that was used by contemporary Christian authors, given that Latin would be for another 500 years the language of scholarship and erudition for most of Europe.〔
These and other variations on the theme were all set in the "temper of the times" of the Muslim-Christian conflict as Medieval Europe was becoming aware of its great enemy in the wake of the quickfire success of the Muslims through a series of conquests shortly after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, as well as the lack of real information in the West of the mysterious east.〔Watt, Montgomery,''Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman.'' Oxford University Press, 1961. fromm pg. 229〕
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