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Sisowath Monivong
Sisowath Monivong ((クメール語:ព្រះបាទ ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ៍ មុនីវង្ស), (:siːsoʔʋat muʔniːʋoə̯ŋ))〔Headly, Robert K.; Chhor, Kylin; Lim, Lam Kheng; Kheang, Lim Hak; Chun, Chen. 1977. ''Cambodian-English Dictionary''. Bureau of Special Research in Modern Languages. The Catholic University of America Press. Washington, D.C. ISBN 0-8132-0509-3〕 (27 December 1875 – 24 April 1941) was the king of the French Protectorate of Cambodia from 1927 until his death in 1941. Monivong was the grandson of the poet-king Ang Duong, grandfather of Norodom Sihanouk and the great-grandfather of the current king, Norodom Sihamoni. His full regnal title and style was (''Preah Bat Samdach Preah Serei Monivarman Krom Luang Chao Chakarbangsa Sisowath Monivong Nai Preah Reacheanachak Kampuchea'') which is literally translated from the Khmerized Sanskrit as "His majesty, glorious lord scholar-protector; His highness, lord of land and sea, Sisowath Monivong of the Kingdom of Kampuchea".
==Life==
Born in Phnom Penh in 1875, Sisowath Monivong was the sixth child and the second son of King Sisowath.〔Jeldres, Julio A., 2003, ''The Royal House Of Cambodia'', Monument Books, Phnom Penh〕 His mother was Neak Moneang Van, later titled ''Samdeach Preah Voreachini'', the fifth child-bearing wife of Sisowath. At that time his uncle King Norodom ruled from Odong, the capital of Cambodia. Norodom was a puppet king for the French colonial protectorate. In 1884, after the French conquered Laos and occupied Vietnam, Cambodia became a direct colonial possession. Siam was defeated, but not occupied. The royal family then moved from Odong to the new capital of Phnom Penh, where Sisowath Monivong resided.
In 1904, both of his uncles died, resulting in Sisowath Monivong becoming the Crown Prince of Cambodia. In 1906, he traveled with his father, King Sisowath, to France.〔 There he was admitted to the Military School of Saint-Maixent. He graduated two years later with the rank Sous Lieutenant in the Foreign Legion. He was then posted to Brive and later to Paris. In 1909, he returned to Cambodia. In 1910, he was promoted to Lieutenant, in 1916 to Captain, and finally, in 1922, to Chief of Battalion. The same year he was released from military service. During the First World War, he actively recruited volunteer military personnel and workers. These services were recognized with the Cross of Commander of the Foreign Legion and the Cambodian title of ''Samdech Preah Keofea''. He was then appointed Secretary-General of the Council of Ministers and President of the Council of the Royal Family.
Monivong had many consorts, at least six of whom were granted official recognition, having borne children to him.〔 One of these was a woman named Meak, a member of the Royal Ballet, who was given the title ''Khun Preah Moneang Bopha Norleak Meak''. Meak bore Monivong's son, Prince Sisowath Kusarak, in 1926. Around 1934-1935, two of her young cousins came to live with her, a common Cambodian custom.〔Chandler, David P., 1992, ''Brother Number One: A political biography of Pol Pot'', Silkworm Books, Thailand: 8〕 The youngest, 6–7 years old, had been given the name Saloth Sar at birth, but would later adopt the name Pol Pot.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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