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Montevideo ((:monteβiˈðe.o)) is the capital and largest city of Uruguay. According to the 2011 census, the city proper has a population of 1,319,108 (about one-third of the country's total population) in an area of . The southernmost capital city in the Americas, Montevideo is situated in the southern coast of the country, on the northeastern bank of the Río de la Plata. The city was established in 1724 by a Spanish soldier, Bruno Mauricio de Zabala, as a strategic move amidst the Spanish-Portuguese dispute over the platine region. It was also under brief British rule in 1807. Montevideo hosted all the matches during the first FIFA World Cup. Montevideo is the seat of the administrative headquarters of Mercosur and ALADI, Latin America’s leading trade blocs, position that entailed comparisons to the role of Brussels in Europe.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Google Earth Montevideo Map )〕 Montevideo has consistently been rated as having the highest quality of life of any city in Latin America:〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=MONTEVIDEO TRAVEL GUIDE )〕 by 2015〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=2015 Quality of Living Survey )〕 has held this rank every year during the last decade.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Quality of Living Worldwide City Rankings Survey )〕〔http://globalizacion.org/opinion/GainzaIndiceCalidadVida2006.htm〕〔http://historico.elpais.com.uy/07/04/03/pciuda_273081.asp〕〔http://www.fastcoexist.com/3022533/the-8-smartest-cities-in-latin-america〕〔http://www.mercer.com/press-releases/quality-of-living-report-2014〕 , Montevideo was the 19th largest city economy in the continent and 9th highest income earner among major cities.〔http://www.mckinsey.com/tools/Wrappers/Wrapper.aspx?sid=&pid=〕 In 2015, it has a GDP of $ 40.5 billion, and a per capita of $24,400.〔((61/33)^((1/15))^5) *33 and (((33/21)^(1/15))^61) *21.〕 It is classified as a Beta World City, ranking seventh in Latin America and 73rd in the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The World According to GaWC 2012 )〕 Described as a "vibrant, eclectic place with a rich cultural life",〔http://www.lonelyplanet.com/uruguay/montevideo〕 and "a thriving tech center and entrepreneurial culture",〔 Montevideo ranks 8th in Latin America on the 2013 MasterCard Global Destination Cities Index. By 2014, is also regarded as the fifth most gay-friendly major city in the world, first in Latin America.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The most gay-friendly places on the planet )〕 It is the hub of commerce and higher education in Uruguay as well as its chief port. The city is also the financial and cultural hub of a larger metropolitan area, with a population of around 2 million. ==Etymology== There are several explanations about the word ''Montevideo''. All agree that "Monte" refers to the Cerro de Montevideo, the hill situated across the Bay of Montevideo, but there is disagreement about the etymological origin of the "video" part. * Monte vide eu ("I saw a mount") is the most widespread belief〔 but is rejected by the majority of experts, who consider it unlikely because it involves a mix of dialects. The name would come from a Portuguese expression which means "I saw a mount", wrongly pronounced by an anonymous sailor belonging to the expedition of Fernando de Magallanes on catching sight of the Cerro de Montevideo. * Monte Vidi: This hypothesis comes from the "Diario de Navegación" (Navigational Calendar) of boatswain Francisco de Albo, member of the expedition of Fernando de Magallanes, who wrote, "Tuesday of the said (of January 1520 ) we were on the straits of Cape Santa María (Punta del Este ), from where the coast runs east to west, and the terrain is sandy, and at the right of the cape there is a mountain like a hat to which we gave the name "Montevidi"." This is the oldest Spanish document that mentions the promontory with a name similar to the one that designates the city, but which doesn't contain any mention of the alleged cry "Monte vide eu." * Monte-VI-D-E-O (''Monte VI De Este a Oeste''): According to Rolando Laguarda Trías, professor of history, the Spaniards annotated the geographic location on a map or Portolan chart, so that the mount/hill is the VI (6th) mount observable on the coast, navigating Río de la Plata from east to west. With the passing of time, these words were unified to "Montevideo". No conclusive evidence has been found to confirm this academic hypothesis nor can it be asserted with certainty which were the other five mounts observable before the Cerro. * Monte Ovidio (''Monte Santo Ovidio''), a less widespread hypothesis of a religious origin,〔 stems from an interpolation in the aforementioned ''Diario de Navegación'' of Fernando de Albo, where it is asserted "corruptly now called Santo Vidio" when they refer to the hat-like mount which they named Monte Vidi (that is, the Cerro de Montevideo). Ovidio (Saint Ovidius) was the third bishop of the Portuguese city of Braga, where he was always revered; a monument to him was erected there in 1505. Given the relationship that the Portuguese had with the discovery and foundation of Montevideo, and despite the fact that this hypothesis, like the previous ones, lacks conclusive documentation, there have been those who linked the name of Santo Ovidio or Vidio (appearing on some maps of the time) with the subsequent derivation of the name "Montevideo" given to the region since the early years of the 16th century. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Montevideo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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