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Morcellator
A morcellator is a surgical instrument used for division and removal of large masses of tissues during laparoscopic surgery.〔(Disposable laparoscopic morcellator ), GM Savage, JJ Christian, DC Dillow - US Patent 6,039,748, 2000〕 In laparoscopic hysterectomy the uterus is minced up, or morcellated, into smaller pieces inside the woman's belly cavity in order to extract from the abdomen. It can consist of a hollow cylinder that penetrates the abdominal wall, ending with sharp edges〔 or cutting jaws,〔(Morcellator ), Jude S. Sauer, Roger J. Greenwald, Mark A. Bovard, John F. Hammond - US Patent 5562694. Issue date: Oct 8, 1996.〕 through which a grasper can be inserted to pull the mass into the cylinder to cut out an extractable piece.〔〔
==Morcellation devices in surgery==
Laparoscopic morcellation is commonly used at surgery to remove bulky specimens from the abdomen using minimally invasive techniques. Historically, morcellation was performed using a device that required the surgeon or assistant to manually 'squeeze' the handle. Other reports describe using a scalpel directly through the abdomen to create small specimens that can be drawn out of the abdominal cavity. In 1993, the first electric morcellator was introduced in the US market. It was initially used for uterine extraction, but later applied to other organs. The use of morcellators at surgery has now become commonplace, with at least 5 devices currently on the US market. Despite decades of experience, there remains limited understanding of the short-term and long-term sequelae of morcellation. Concerns have been raised about injury to surrounding organs including bowel, bladder, ureters, pancreas, spleen and major vascular structures. Long-term issues may include parasitic growth of retained tissue with the potential to cause adhesions, cause bowel dysfunction and potentially disseminate unrecognized cancer.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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