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Mucking
Mucking is a hamlet and former Church of England parish adjoining the Thames estuary in southern Essex, England. It is located approximately 2 miles south of the town of Stanford-le-Hope in what is now Thurrock unitary authority.
==Early history==
Mucking was "a particularly extensive Anglo-Saxon settlement, of at least 100+ individuals, commanding an important strategic position in the Lower Thames region; it may have functioned as a meeting place and mart for surrounding areas on both sides of the Thames".〔Sue Hirst and Dido Clark, ''Excavations at Mucking: Volume 3, The Anglo-Saxon Cemeteries'' (Museum of London Archaeology 2009)〕 Its name is of Saxon origin and indicates human settlement here for well over a millennium. The meaning is usually given as 'the family (or followers) of Mucca' (Mucca most likely being a local chieftain). However, Margaret Gelling has suggested alternative interpretations - 'Mucca's place' or 'Mucca's stream'.〔Margaret Gelling, ''The Place-name Mucking'' (in ''Excavations at Mucking, Volume 2'', English Heritage, 1993, page 96)〕 Mucking's geographical location on flat marshland at the very mouth of the River Thames indicates that settlement in the area by Germanic invaders from the Continent probably occurred at a relatively early date; indeed, an outline of a now abandoned nearby Saxon village, West Mucking, was discovered from aerial photographs in the 20th century. Mucking was host to a small iron smelting industry because of its workable deposits of iron ore.〔Tylecote, RF, 1986, The Prehistory of Metallurgy in the British Isles. Institute of Metals London.〕 Spongy iron blooms were produced and had their impurities worked out by a process known as 'Mucking'.〔Morton, GR, & Brit, R,G.,1974-75 The Present Day Production of Wrought Iron. Journal of the Historical Metallurgy Society.〕 It is not known if this process is connected to the village name or a coincidence.
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