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''Murdannia'' is a genus of annual or perennial monocotyledonous flowering plants in the dayflower family. The genus is one of the largest in the family. They are most easily distinguished from other genera in the family by their three-lobed or spear-shaped antherodes (i.e. non-functional anthers). Also, along with the closely related genus ''Anthericopsis'', it is the only genus with staminodes (i.e. non-functional stamens) opposite the petals. ''Murdannia'' are found in tropical regions across the globe with extensions into warm temperate areas.〔(Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families )〕 Typically, ''Murdannia'' species are found in open areas in mesic soils. However, some are semi-aquatic, and a limited few are found in closed forest situations. Three species are naturalized in the (''Murdannia keisak, M. nudiflora'' and ''M. spirata'').〔Shinners, L. H. 1962. ''Aneilema'' (Commelinaceae) in the United States. Sida 1: 100--101.〕〔(Flora of North America v 22 p 190 ).〕〔(Faden, Robert B. 2001. New taxa of ''Murdannia'' (Commelinaceae) from Sir Lanka. Novon 11:22-30. )〕 The genus is named in honor of Murdan Aly, plant collector and former director of the herbarium at Saharunpore, India.〔〔Royle, John Forbes. Illustrations of the Botany ... of the Himalayan Mountains ... 1: 403, pl. 95, f. 3. 1839.〕 ;Species〔 # ''Murdannia acutifolia'' (Lauterb. & K.Schum.) Faden - New Guinea # ''Murdannia allardii'' (De Wild.) Brenan - Congo-Brazzaville, Zaïre # ''Murdannia assamica'' Nampy & Ancy - Assam # ''Murdannia audreyae'' Faden - Sri Lanka # ''Murdannia axillaris'' Brenan - Kenya, Zanzibar, Pemba # ''Murdannia blumei'' (Hassk.) Brenan - Indian Subcontinent, Java, Myanmar, Malaya # ''Murdannia bracteata'' (C.B.Clarke) J.K.Morton ex D.Y.Hong - southern China, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam # ''Murdannia brownii'' Nandikar & Gurav - western India # ''Murdannia citrina'' D.Fang - Guangxi in China # ''Murdannia clandestina'' (Ridl.) Faden - Peninsular Malaysia # ''Murdannia clarkeana'' Brenan - Central African Republic, Chad, Kenya # ''Murdannia crocea'' (Griff.) Faden - India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Myanmar # ''Murdannia cryptantha'' Faden - New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory of Australia # ''Murdannia dimorpha'' (Dalzell) G.Brückn. - southern India # ''Murdannia dimorphoides'' Faden - Sri Lanka # ''Murdannia divergens'' (C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - southern China, Himalayas, Myanmar, Vietnam # ''Murdannia edulis'' (Stokes) Faden - southern China, Himalayas, Indochina, Java, Bali, Philippines, New Guinea # ''Murdannia esculenta'' (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) R.S.Rao & Kammathy - India, Sri Lanka # ''Murdannia fadeniana'' Nampy & Joby - Kerala State in India # ''Murdannia fasciata'' (Warb. ex K.Schum. & Lauterb.) G.Brückn. - New Guinea # ''Murdannia gardneri'' (Seub.) G.Brückn. - Brazil # ''Murdannia gigantea'' (Vahl) G.Brückn. - Madagascar, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales # ''Murdannia glauca'' (Thwaites ex C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - India, Sri Lanka # ''Murdannia graminea'' (R.Br.) G.Brückn. - Vietnam, Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales, Western Australia # ''Murdannia hookeri'' (C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - Assam, southern China # ''Murdannia japonica'' (Thunb.) Faden - China, Japan, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Borneo # ''Murdannia juncoides'' (Wight) R.S.Rao & Kammathy - Kerala + Tamil Nadu in India # ''Murdannia kainantensis'' (Masam.) D.Y.Hong - southern China # ''Murdannia keisak'' (Hassk.) Hand.-Mazz. - Japan, Korea, Ryukyu Islands, Russia (Amur + Primorye), Taiwan, Laos, Vietnam, Nepal; naturalized in parts of United States # ''Murdannia lanceolata'' (Wight) Kammathy - India, Sri Lanka # ''Murdannia lanuginosa'' (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - southern India # ''Murdannia loriformis'' (Hassk.) R.S.Rao & Kammathy - China, Taiwan, Tibet, Ryukyu Islands, Bonin Islands, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Java, Philippines, New Guinea # ''Murdannia macrocarpa'' D.Y.Hong - Yunnan, Guangdong, Cambodia # ''Murdannia medica'' (Lour.) D.Y.Hong - Yunnan, Guangdong, Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam # ''Murdannia nudiflora'' (L.) Brenan - southern China, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Western Australia, Micronesia; naturalized in Hawaii, southeastern United States, Mexico, Central America, West Indies, northern South America, Sierra Leone, Congo-Brazzaville, Cook Islands # ''Murdannia paraguayensis'' (C.B.Clarke ex Chodat) G.Brückn. - Paraguay, Brazil # ''Murdannia pauciflora'' (G.Brückn.) G.Brückn. - southern India # ''Murdannia sahyadrica'' Ancy & Nampy - Maharashtra # ''Murdannia satheeshiana'' Joby, Nisha & Unni - southern India # ''Murdannia schomburgkiana'' (Kunth) G.Brückn. - Guyana, Brazil # ''Murdannia semifoliata''(C.B.Clarke ex S.Moore) G.Brückn. - Brazil # ''Murdannia semiteres'' (Dalzell) Santapau - Zaire, Burundi, Rwanda, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Iran, Yemen, India, Vietnam # ''Murdannia simplex'' (Vahl) Brenan - sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, Indian Subcontinent, southern China, Indochina, Queensland # ''Murdannia spectabilis'' (Kurz) Faden - southern China, Indochina, Philippines # ''Murdannia spirata'' (L.) G.Brückn. - southern China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Java, Philippines; naturalized in Florida + Samoa # ''Murdannia stenothyrsa'' (Diels) Hand.-Mazz. - Sichuan, Yunnan # ''Murdannia striatipetala'' Faden - Sri Lanka # ''Murdannia stricta'' Brenan - Zaire, Rwanda # ''Murdannia tenuissima'' (A.Chev.) Brenan - tropical Africa # ''Murdannia triquetra'' (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - southern China, Indochina, Himalayas # ''Murdannia undulata'' D.Y.Hong - Yunnan # ''Murdannia vaginata'' (L.) G.Brückn. - southern China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Java, Philippines, Queensland, Northern Territory # ''Murdannia versicolor'' (Dalzell) G.Brückn. - India, Vietnam, Philippines # ''Murdannia yunnanensis'' D.Y.Hong - Yunnan # ''Murdannia zeylanica'' (C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - India, Sri Lanka ==References== * 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Murdannia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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