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Muscardine is a disease of insects. It is caused by many species of entomopathogenic fungus. Many muscardines are known for affecting silkworms.〔Singh, T. ''Principles And Techniques Of Silkworm Seed Production''. Discovery Publishing House. 2004. pg. 277.〕 Muscardine may also be called calcino.〔Lu, Y. ''Silkworm Diseases''. FAO. 1991. pg. 37.〕 While studying muscardine in silkworms in the 19th century, Agostino Bassi found that the causal agent was a fungus. This was the first demonstration of the germ theory of disease, the first time a microorganism was recognized as an animal pathogen.〔Mahr, S. (Know Your Friends: The Entomopathogen ''Beauveria bassiana''. ) ''Midwest Biological Control News'' October, 1997. Volume IV, Number 10.〕 There are many types of muscardine. They are often named for the color of the conidial layer each fungus leaves on its host.〔 ==Black muscardine== Black muscardine is caused by ''Beauveria brongniartti'' and ''Metarhizium anisopliae''.〔 ''Metarhizium'' species such as ''M. anisopliae'' can cause fatal disease in over 200 species of insect.〔Wang, C. and Y. Xia. (Cover photo. ) ''PLoS Genetics'', January, 2011.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Muscardine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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