|
Mustaʾmīn (Arabic: مستأمن) is an Islamic classification for a non-Muslim foreigner (''harbi''; from ''Dar al-Harb'', i.e. non-Muslim governed territories) who only temporarily resides in Muslim lands (''Dar al-Islam'') via a short-term safe-conduct (''aman mu'aqqat'') which affords the musta'min the protected status of dhimmis (non-Muslim subjects permanently living in a Muslim-ruled land) without having to pay the jizyah.〔Khadduri p. 163〕 This would include merchants, messengers, and students and other groups that could be given an ''aman'', or pledge of security.〔 ==Types of safe-conducts== The short-term safe-conduct can be personal or general:〔 * Personal aman (''khass'') can be granted by any sane and mature Muslim to one or a group of non-Muslim foreigners (''harbis'').〔Yakoob, Mir p. 109〕 * General aman (amm'') can be granted only by the caliph or his deputy to an unspecified number of harbis. The term is valid up to one year for the musta'min, along with his minor children and all the women related to him. If a musta'min exceeds the time limit of one year without returning to the dar al-harb, he must pay the jizya. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Musta'min」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|