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Mythicomyces
''Mythicomyces'' is a fungal genus in the family Psathyrellaceae. A monotypic genus, it contains the single species ''Mythicomyces corneipes'', first described by Elias Fries in 1861. The fungus produces fruit bodies with shiny yellowish-orange to tawny caps that are in diameter. These are supported by stems measuring long and 1–2 mm thick. A rare to uncommon species, it is found in northern temperate regions of North America and Europe, where it typically fruits in groups, in wet areas of coniferous forests. There are several species with which ''M. corneipes'' might be confused due to a comparable appearance or similar range and habitat, but microscopic characteristics can be used to reliably distinguish between them.
==Taxonomy==
The genus ''Mythicomyces'' was circumscribed in 1986 by mycologists Scott Redhead and Alexander H. Smith to contain the species originally named ''Agaricus corneipes'' by Elias Magnus Fries in 1861.〔 Fries described the species from collections made in a fir forest near Alsike, Sweden;〔 it was subsequently recorded in North America (northwestern USA) by Andrew Price Morgan in 1907,〔 and several times by Smith.〔〔 When listing the synonyms of the species, Redhead and Smith cited the publication year of Fries's work as 1863 instead of the correct 1861, which rendered their new combination invalid according to the rules of International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, although the generic name was valid. The binomial was subsequently published validly in 2011.〔
In its taxonomic history, the species has also been placed in ''Geophila'' by Lucien Quélet in 1886,〔 and ''Psilocybe'' by Petter Karsten in 1879. ''Psilocybe'' specialist Gastón Guzmán excluded the taxon from the latter genus in his 1983 monograph, based on its roughened spores that lacked a germ pore, pale spore print, stem texture, and the tawny basal mycelium. Guzmán, who examined Smith's US collections, suggested that the material might be more appropriately considered a ''Galerina'',〔 but Redhead and Smith noted that several features of ''Mythicomyces corneipes'' are inconsistent with placement in ''Galerina'', including spore print color, presence of metuloids, stem texture, and tawny basal mycelium.〔
Redhead and Smith placed the genus in the Strophariaceae, as the biology of the fruit bodies and spore print color fit the broad concept of that family envisaged by Robert Kühner in 1984. They noted, however, that the genus did not fit well in a more restricted concept of the family due to its lack of a germ pore and roughened spore walls. More recently, taxonomic authorities have placed the genus in the family Psathyrellaceae;〔 molecular analysis shows it to be most closely allied to this group. ''Mythicomyces'' and ''Stagnicola'' form a clade that is sister to the rest of the family.〔〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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