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Mālāsana, or malasana, is a term for various squatted āsanas. The term is being used in various western transliterations, and may refer to various asanas, all involving a squatted position. The term ''malasana'' is most commonly used for the "regular squat pose," also called ''upavesasana'',〔 in which the handpalms are folded together in the socalled ''namaskar mudra'' in front of the chest, and the feet are set wider apart,〔 which resembles the traditional defecating position. The ''mālāsana'', or "Garland Pose", is used for two slightly different āsanas, either with the hands folded around the heels, or with the arms folded around the legs while holding the hands together at the back, also called ''kanchyasana'' ("golden belt pose"). The term ''mālāsana'' is also used in the ''Sritattvanidhi'' to describe the ''bhujapidasana'', the "shoulder press", in which the hands are placed at the bottom, the body balancing on the hands, and the legs resting on the shoulders. ==Etymology== ''Mālāsana'' is a compound of two Sanskrit terms, ''mālā'' and ''āsana'', The transliteration and translation from Sanskrit to English gives rise to two different meanings or translations, since the Sanskrit "a" may be pronounced in two ways, the nuance of which is lost when the macron is left: * "ā", pronounced "/aː/", "aa" * "a", pronounced "/a/", "a" The English transliteration "mala" may refer to the following Sanskrit terms: * मल mala, pronounce "ma-la" - "dirt, dust, impurity, secretion"〔(spokensanskrit.de, ''mala'' )〕 * मला malā, pronounce "ma-laa" - "Indian Plum (''Flacourtia indica'' - Bot.)〔(spokensanskrit.de, ''malA'' )〕 * माला mālā, pronounce "maa-laa" - "garland, necklace"〔(spokensanskrit.de, ''mAlA'' )〕 Three variant transliterations of "mālāsana" can be found in English: * ''Malasana'', This is the most common name to be used in English, but is incorrectly transliterated. * ''Malāsana'', (サンスクリット:मलासन) (pronounce "ma-laa-sa-na"), which is the correct spelling of the compound ''mala'' and ''āsana'' according to the sandhi rules. This would translate as "Excretion Pose", "Relieving Pose", "Yoga Squat", which in fact is ''Upavesasana''. Incidentally, this could also mean "Indian plum garland" as the compound of ''malā'' and ''āsana''. 〔 * ''Mālāsana'', (サンスクリット:मालासन) (pronounce "maa-laa-sa-na"), a compound of ''mālā'' and ''āsana'', which means "Garland Pose". According to Iyengar, the name ''mālāsana'' derives from the arms "hanging from the neck like a garland." The term ''mālāsana'' has also been used to refer to ''bhujapidasana'', a pose in which the legs seem to be hanging from the neck. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mālāsana」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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