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N-deterrence
The Minimum Credible Deterrence (MCD; officially names as N-deterrence), is a defence and strategic principle on which the atomic weapons programme of Pakistan is based. This doctrine is not a part of the nuclear doctrine, which is designed for the use of the atomic weapons in a full-scale declared war if the conditions of the doctrine are surpassed. Instead, the policy of the Minimum Credible Deterrence falls under minimal deterrence as an inverse to the Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), which is widely regarded as the designed to dissuade India from taking any military actions against Pakistan, as it did in 1971. (see: Indo-Pakistani war of 1971)
==Developmental history==
The comprehensive nuclear weapons policy was addressed by populist prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in a vision for the country to "walk tall" in global politics.〔See: Nuclear policy, doctrine and planning, Rationales for nuclear weapons at the International Institute for Strategic Studies published page.〕 Maintaining equality on every level of scientific development with India was a primary motivation for his government.〔 Domestically, the popular support helped Bhutto to consolidated the political and economical aspects of atomic bomb projects and the control of the Pakistan military in the civilian hands.〔 This led the creation of formation of defence mechanism systematic programmes, known as National Command Authority (NCA), Joint Special Forces (JSF) under the control of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee which is led by its designated Chairman.〔 Externally, the nuclear status was a way to boost Pakistan's prestige, importance and influence on among the friendly and Muslim nations, including rich Gulf monarchies.〔
On 20 May 1999, in his address at the National Defence University (NDU), Prime minister Navaz Sharif used the term "minimum credible deterrence" while speaking about Pakistan’s nuclear stance. There, the Prime minister (even the government at present now), made cleared Pakistan's nuclear declaratory statements that India is regarded as its sole nuclear adversary and thus the focus of its nuclear deterrent.〔
The MCD theory is based on the principles of the deterrence theory and offers the idea of the achieving the second strike capability. The MCD theory is effectively, an ideal form of Nash equilibrium (named after mathematician John Forbes Nash), in which both India and Pakistan, once armed, has any rational incentive either to initiate a conflict or to disarm.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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