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Nabat
The Nabat Confederation of Anarchist Organizations, better known simply as Nabat (Набат), was an anarchist organization that came to prominence in Ukraine during the years 1918 to 1920. The area where it held the most influence is sometimes referred to as the Free Territory, though Nabat had branches in all of the major cities in southern Ukraine. "Nabat" is a Russian/Ukrainian word meaning tocsin, or an alarm drum. The group published a newspaper by the same name.
== Background ==
In 1917, the February revolution led to the abdication of the Tsar, Nicholas II of Russia. The loss of a central government and ruling power led to the creation of a vast number of new groups and organizations who attempted to fill the power vacuum. After the abdication of the Tsarist government, a committee of Duma members swiftly created the Russian Provisional Government. The provisional government almost immediately found itself sharing power with a new assembly, the Petrograd Soviet.
On April 16, 1917, Vladimir Lenin returned to Russia from exile from Europe and added a new element to the nation. Being the leader of the Bolsheviks, Lenin held an important position in Russia. The Bolsheviks began to struggle for power with other factions, including the provisional government, liberals, royalists, democratic socialists, and Mensheviks. As the months went by, the Bolsheviks continued to gain power.
In early November 1917, the Bolsheviks attempted to seize complete control of state power with the October revolution, launching an armed insurrection in Petrograd (Saint Petersburg). Fighting between the Bolsheviks, Mensheviks and other parties broke out. As Lenin tried to create a one party dominant system, Russia dissolved into an internecine civil war. Many newly formed anarchist organizations soon found themselves in hostile territory.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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