| 翻訳と辞書 |
Nabataeans
The Nabataeans, also Nabateans (; (アラビア語:الأنباط) ' , compare to , (ラテン語:Nabatæus)), were an Arabic〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=livius.org )〕 people who inhabited northern Arabia and the Southern Levant, and whose settlements, most prominently the assumed capital city of Petra,〔 in AD 37 – c. 100, gave the name of ''Nabatene'' to the borderland between Arabia and Syria, from the Euphrates to the Red Sea. Their loosely controlled trading network, which centered on strings of oases that they controlled, where agriculture was intensively practiced in limited areas, and on the routes that linked them, had no securely defined boundaries in the surrounding desert. Trajan conquered the Nabataean kingdom, annexing it to the Roman Empire, where their individual culture, easily identified by their characteristic finely potted painted ceramics, became dispersed in the general Greco-Roman culture and was eventually lost. They were later converted to Christianity. They were described as "one of the most gifted people of the ancient world".
==Culture==
Many examples of graffiti and inscriptions—largely of names and greetings—document the area of Nabataean culture, which extended as far north as the north end of the Dead Sea, and testify to widespread literacy; but except for a few letters〔(The Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library )〕 no Nabataean literature has survived, nor was any noted in antiquity,〔The carbonized Petra papyri, mostly economic documents in Greek, date to the 6th century: Glen L. Peterman, "Discovery of Papyri in Petra", ''The Biblical Archaeologist'' 57 1 (March 1994), pp. 55–57〕〔P. M. Bikai (1997) "The Petra Papyri", ''Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan''〕〔Marjo Lehtinen (December 2002) "Petra Papyri", ''Near Eastern Archaeology'' Vol.65 No.4 pp. 277–278.〕 and the temples bear no inscriptions. Onomastic analysis has suggested that Nabataean culture may have had multiple influences. Classical references to the Nabataeans begin with Diodorus Siculus; they suggest that the Nabataeans' trade routes and the origins of their goods were regarded as trade secrets, and disguised in tales that should have strained outsiders' credulity. Diodorus Siculus (book II) described them as a strong tribe of some 10,000 warriors, pre-eminent among the nomads of Arabia, eschewing agriculture, fixed houses, and the use of wine, but adding to pastoral pursuits a profitable trade with the seaports in frankincense, myrrh and spices from Arabia Felix (today's Yemen), as well as a trade with Egypt in bitumen from the Dead Sea. Their arid country was their best safeguard, for the bottle-shaped cisterns for rain-water which they excavated in the rocky or clay-rich soil were carefully concealed from invaders.〔J. W. Eadie, J. P. Oleson (1986) "The Water-Supply Systems of Nabatean and Roman Ḥumayma", ''Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research''〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Nabataeans」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|