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The ''Nagarakretagama'' or ''Nagarakrtagama'', also known as ''Desawarnana'', is an Old Javanese eulogy to Hayam Wuruk, a Javanese king and the fourth monarch of the Majapahit Empire. It was written on lontar as a ''kakawin'' by Mpu Prapanca in 1365 (1287 Saka year). The ''Nagarakretagama'' contains detailed descriptions of the Majapahit Empire during its greatest extent. The poem affirms the importance of Hindu–Buddhism in the Majapahit empire by describing temples and palaces and several ceremonial observances. ==The manuscript== In 1894, the Dutch East Indies launched a military expedition against the Cakranegara royal house of Lombok. That year, the Dutch took the manuscript as part of the valuable ''Lombok treasure'', war-booty from the destroyed palace of Mataram-Cakranagara in Lombok.〔Wahyu Ernawati: "Chapter 8: The Lombok Treasure", in ''Colonial collections Revisited'': Pieter ter Keurs (editor) Vol. 152, CNWS publications. Issue 36 of ''Mededelingen van het Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde'', Leiden. CNWS Publications, 2007. ISBN 978-90-5789-152-6. 296 pages. pp. 186-203〕 The first western scholar to study the manuscript was J.L.A.Brandes, a Dutch philologist. He accompanied the KNIL expedition to Lombok in 1894, and is credited with saving the valuable manuscripts collection of the Lombok royal library from being burnt in the chaos of the battle. A generation of Dutch scholars participated in translating the poem.〔 Much of its historical value was due to its having been the product of priestly activities directed at enhancing the magical powers of the ruler at the time. The manuscript is written on lontar leaves. It was held in the library of Leiden University in the Netherlands, with inventory code number L Or 5.023. After its translation in the early 20th century, the ''Nagarakretagama'' became an inspiration and foundation of the Indonesian independence movement. In 1973 during the state visit of Queen Juliana to Indonesia, she returned the manuscript to Indonesia. Today it is held by the National Library of Indonesia, with inventory code number NB 9. In May 2008 UNESCO recognised the significance of the ''Nagarakretagama'' by naming it "The Memory of the World - Regional Register for Asia/Pacific", and finally registered it in 2013.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=UNESCO Memory of The World )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nagarakretagama」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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