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In Islamic law, najis () are things or persons regarded as ritually unclean. According to Islam, there are two kinds of najis: the essential najis which cannot be cleaned and the unessential najis which become najis while in contact with another najis.〔http://al-islam.org/laws/najisthings.html〕 Contact with ''najis'' things brings a Muslim into a state of ritual impurity ( ''najāsa'', in opposition to ṭahārah, ritual purity). Ritual purification is then required before religious duties such as regular prayers are performed. ==Islamic law== According to the Shafi'i school of Sunni Islamic jurisprudence, as systematised by Al-Nawawi in his book ''Minhadj'', the following things are ''najis'': wine and other spirituous drinks, dogs, swine, dead animals that were not ritually slaughtered, blood, excrements, and the milk of animals whose meat Muslims are not allowed to eat. Spirituous drinks are not impure according to the Hanafi school, while living swine and dogs are not impure according to the Malikis.〔 To the list of impure things enumerated by al-Nawawi, Shi’a jurists traditionally add dead bodies and non-believers.〔〔Lewis (1984), p.34〕 Additionally, meat of any animal which is killed in a manner other than that prescribed by Islam is najis.〔(Dead body )〕 ''Najis'' things cannot be purified, in contrast to things which are defiled only (''mutanajis''), with the exception of wine, which becomes pure when made into vinegar, and of hides, which are purified by tanning.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Najis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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