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Nanawatai (Pashto: ننواتی, "sanctuary") is a tenet of the Pashtunwali code of the Pashtun people. It allows a beleaguered person to enter the house of any other person and make a request of him which cannot be refused, even at the cost of the host's own life or fortune.〔Building a Post-War Justice System in Afghanistan (Customary Law and Jirga ) Retrieved on May 23, 2007〕〔Fletcher, Arnold. "Afghanistan, Highway of Conquest", 1965. p. 24〕 A similar code of conduct is used by the neighbouring Baluch people.〔Durkin, Major J. Keller. "Authority, Legitimacy, and the Qawm: HistoricalPerspectives on Emergent Governance in Afghanistan", 2009〕 Traditionally it is used to refer to a request for sanctuary, whereby the host must be willing to fight or die for the sake of anyone who comes knocking at his door seeking refuge,〔 〕 even if it is a sworn enemy.〔 〕 As the burden of sanctuary and protection extends even to fighting against government troops on behalf of the person seeking refuge,〔 some have suggested that Mullah Omar's refusal to turn in Osama bin Laden was due only to his having availed himself of ''nanawatai''.〔CNN, (Afghan Taliban spokesman: We will win the war ), May 5, 2009〕〔Jihad Unspun, (Live From Taliban Controlled Mohmand Agency ), September 14, 2008〕〔Chronogram magazine, (Can Barack Obama save Afghanistan? ), January 29. 2009〕 ==Usage== By invoking ''nanawatai'', one is said to "seize the skirt" (''laman niwul'') of his new protector, and the other party is obligated to extend peace and acquiesce to grant shelter and protection, when someone has placed themselves in harm's way in this fashion.〔Edwards, David B. "Heroes of the Age: Moral Faultlines on the Afghan Frontier", p. 69〕 Traditionally, the burden of protection exists only insofar as the one pleading clemency stays within the property of the protector; if one leaves the company of the protector, the responsibility vanishes and even the protector can attack him.〔Gazetteer of the Dera Ghazi Khan District, 1883. p. 121〕 Often, the one pleading for sanctuary would be made to first humiliate himself, perhaps wearing a halter made of grass around his neck, to demonstrate that he was entirely supplicant to his host.〔Beattie, Hugh. "Imperial frontier: tribe and state in Waziristan". p. 7〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nanawatai」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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