|
Nandaka (literally "source of joy"〔) or Nandaki is the sword of the Hindu god Vishnu. Even though some scriptures recommend the sword to be depicted in Vishnu's hand, it is generally not depicted in the iconography of Vishnu (who is generally depicted four-armed) and makes a later appearance in the god's sculptures. Nandaka is generally depicted in images where Vishnu is represented with more than four arms. The sword is compared to knowledge in Hindu scriptures. The Vaishnav (Vishnu-worshipping sect) saints Annamacharya and Pey Azhwar are considered the avatars of Nandaka. ==Iconography and development== Vishnu is usually depicted as four-armed with the four attributes in his hands: the shankha (conch), the Sudarshana chakra, the ''padma'' (lotus) and the Kaumodaki gada (mace). In eight or sixteen armed depictions of the sword, he may be shown holding a sword. The sword appears very rarely in the depictions of Vishnu. It appears in Vishnu iconography as late as the Gupta era (320–550 CE), possibly under the Greek influence on India. The sword popular in Ancient Greece reached India with Alexander the Great (reign: 336–323 BC). While Hindu scriptures narrate elaborate tales about how Vishnu gained his other weapons, none are told about the sword, apart from an allusion to the sword of Vishnu's avatar Rama in the Hindu epic ''Ramayana''.〔 The ''Harivamsa'' as well as the ''Brihatbrahma Samhita'' prescribe the sword to be shown in Vishnu's four-armed images. The ''Sattvata Samhita'' recommends it to be shown in a right hand of a six-armed Vishnu and in a left-hand in a ten-armed Vishnu.〔Desai pp. 14-6〕 Vishnu' avatar Vamana is described to hold the Nandaka in his right hand in the ''Kalika Purana'', but no such sculpture is found. A 11th century image shows the sword tied to his belt.〔Desai pp. 102-3〕 The ''Vishnu sahasranama'', which enlists 1000 epithets of Vishnu, mentions Nandaka twice. In a mantra, Vishnu is praised as the holder of the shankha, Nandaka and chakra. The 994th name of Vishnu is "Nandaki", one who wields the Nandaka. In a rare depiction in the ''Sheshashayi Vishnu'' panel of the Gupta Deogarh temple, Nandaka is depicted anthropomorphically as a young man holding a sword (See ''Ayudhapurusha''). He is depicted leading the other personified weapons of Vishnu against the demons Madhu and Kaitabha. Nandaka is also depicted as an ''ayudhapurusha'' in the scene of Madhu and Kaitabha in the Mahishasuramardini mandapa, Mahabalipuram. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nandaka」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|