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Nanophotonics
Nanophotonics or Nano-optics is the study of the behavior of light on the nanometer scale, and of the interaction of nanometer-scale objects with light. It is a branch of optics, optical engineering, electrical engineering, and nanotechnology. It often (but not exclusively) involves metallic components, which can transport and focus light via surface plasmon polaritons.
The term "nano-optics", just like the term "optics", usually concerns ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light (free-space wavelength around 300-1200 nanometers).
== Background ==
Normal optical components, like lenses and microscopes, generally cannot normally focus light to nanometer (deep subwavelength) scales, because of the diffraction limit (Rayleigh criterion). Nevertheless, it is possible to squeeze light into a nanometer scale using other techniques like, for example, surface plasmons, localized surface plasmons around nanoscale metal objects, and the nanoscale apertures and nanoscale sharp tips used in near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) and photoassisted scanning tunnelling microscopy.〔Hewakuruppu, Y., et al., ''(Plasmonic “ pump – probe ” method to study semi-transparent nanofluids )'', Applied Optics, 52(24):6041-6050〕
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