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Nanobottles are hollow bottle-shaped particle with the maximal dimension smaller or comparable with 1 micrometer. They can be used for storing and distributing various chemical compounds, for example, inside the human body.〔 ==Laboratory synthesis== Carbon nanotubes capped at one end may be regarded as nanobottles. They can be produced by cutting nanotubes, which are typically capped as both ends after the growth.〔 Nanobottles were also fabricated in a three-step process: First, voids were created in aluminium foils. Then a thin layer of non-Al material, such as carbon, germanium, silicon, silica or hafnia, was deposited into the voids, and the surrounding matrix was etched away. Alumina nanobottles were produced in one step by electrochemical anodization of aluminium foil in phosphoric acid: Pores were etched in Al by the acid, and their inner surface was oxidized in the process. Then the Al matrix, but not the oxidized aluminium, was etched away by the acid. The transition from pore creation to Al etching was achieved by controlling the pulse profile of the anodization voltage. The entire synthesis took about 2 hours. The resulting nanobottles had a volume of ca. 10−7 liters.〔 Hollow silica nanospheres have been produced hydrothermally from a tetraethoxysilane-based gel mixture in a Teflon-lined autoclave at 100 °C within 3 days. Subsequent calcination at 550 °C for 5 hours removed the organic components from the spheres and created single holes (mostly) in them, yielding spherical nanobottles. Arrays of gold nanobottles have been fabricated by combining optical interference lithography with thin film deposition. Their dimensions could be tuned by varying the lithography optics and the film thickness.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nanobottle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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