|
Nanoceramic is a type of nanoparticle that is composed of ceramics, which are generally classified as inorganic, heat-resistant, nonmetallic solids made of both metallic and nonmetallic compounds. The material offers unique properties. Macroscale ceramics are brittle and rigid and break upon impact. However, nanoceramics take on a larger variety of functions, including dielectric, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, pyroelectric, ferromagnetic, magnetoresistive, superconductive and electro-optical. Nanoceramics were discovered in the early 1980s. They were formed using a process called sol-gel which mixes nanoparticles within a solution and gel to form the nanoparticle. Later methods involved sintering (pressure and heat). The material is so small that it has basically no flaws. Larger scale materials have flaws that render them brittle. In 2014 researchers announced a lasering process involving polymers and ceramic particles to form a nanotruss. This structure was able to recover its original form after repeated crushing. == Properties == Nanoceramics have unique properties because of their size and molecular structure. These properties are often shown in terms of various electrical and magnetic physics phenomenons which include: *Dielectric - An electrical insulator that can be polarized (having electrons aligned so that there is a negative and positive side of the compound) by an electric field to shorten the distance of electron transfer in an electric current *Ferroelectric - Dielectric materials that polarize in more than one direction (the negative and positive sides can be flipped via an electric field) *Piezoelectric - Materials that accumulate an electrical charge under mechanical stress *Pyroelectric - Material that can produce a temporary voltage given a temperature change *Ferromagnetic - Materials that can to sustain a magnetic field after magnetization *Magnetoresistive - Materials that change electrical resistance under an external magnetic field *Superconductive - Materials that exhibit zero electric resistance when cooled to a critical temperature *Electro-optical - Materials that change optical properties under an electric field 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nanoceramic」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|