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Naphtha ( or ) is a general term that has been used for over two thousand years to refer to flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures. Mixtures labelled naphtha have been produced from natural gas condensates, petroleum distillates, and the distillation of coal tar and peat. It is used differently in different industries and regions to refer to gross products like crude oil or refined products such as kerosene. ==Etymology== The word ''naphtha'' came from Latin and Greek where it derived from Persian. In Ancient Greek, it was used to refer to any sort of petroleum or pitch. The term entered Semitic languages as well in antiquity: It appears in Arabic as نَفْط ''nafṭ'' ("petroleum"), in Syriac as ܢܰܦܬܳܐ ''naftā'', and in Hebrew as נֵפְט ''neft''. A 2nd century BCE Koine Greek religious text〔2nd Maccabees〕 uses the word "naphtha" to refer to a miraculously flammable liquid. The subjects called the liquid "nephthar", meaning "purification", but note that "most people" call it naphtha (or ''Nephi''). Naphtha is the root of the word naphthalene. The second syllable of "naphtha" can also be recognised in phthalate. It also enters the word napalm from "naphthenic acid and palmitic acid", as the first napalm was made from a mixture of naphthenic acid with aluminium and magnesium salts of palmitic acid. In older usage, "naphtha" simply meant crude oil, but this usage is now obsolete in English. The Ukrainian and Belarusian word нафта (lit. ''nafta''), Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian "nafta", the Russian word нефть (lit. ''neft There is a conjecture that the Greek word ''naphtha'' came from the Indo-Iranian god name Apam Napat, which occurs in Vedic and in Avestic; the name means "grandson of (the) waters", and the Vedas describe him as fire emerging from water. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Naphtha」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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