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Neapolitan (autonym: ''(’o n)napulitano''; (イタリア語:napoletano)) is the language of much of southern continental Italy, including the city of Naples.〔(James Minahan: Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: L-R. pp.1348. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002 )〕〔(J.-P. Cavaillé; Le napolitain : une langue majoritaire minorée. 09 mars 2007. )〕〔(The Guardian for the list of languages in the Unesco site. )〕〔(List of Endangered Languages according to UNESCO )〕 It is named not after the city, but after the Kingdom of Naples, which once covered most of this area and of which Naples was the capital. On October 14, 2008 a law by the Region of Campania stated that the Neapolitan language was to be protected.〔("Tutela del dialetto, primo via libera al Ddl campano" ) ("Bill to protect dialect green lighted") from ''Il Denaro'', economic journal of South Italy, 15 October 2008 Re Franceschiello. L'ultimo sovrano delle Due Sicilie〕 Neapolitan has had a significant influence on the intonation of Rioplatense Spanish, of the Buenos Aires region of Argentina, and the whole of Uruguay.〔Colantoni, Laura, and Jorge Gurlekian. ("Convergence and intonation: historical evidence from Buenos Aires Spanish" ), ''Bilingualism: Language and Cognition'', Volume 7, Issue 02, August 2004, pp. 107–119, Cambridge Journals Online〕 == Distribution == The Neapolitan dialects are distributed throughout most of continental southern Italy, historically united during the Kingdom of Naples and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, specifically southern Lazio (Gaeta and Sora districts), southern Marche, Abruzzo, Molise, Basilicata, Campania (Naples), northern and central Apulia, and northernmost Calabria. The dialects are part of a varied dialect continuum, so the varieties in southern Lazio, Marche, Abruzzo, Molise, Apulia, Lucania and Calabria can typically be recognizable as regional groups of dialects. In western Abruzzo and Lazio the dialects give way to Central Italian dialects such as Romanesco. In central Calabria and southern Apulia, the dialects give way to the Sicilian language. Largely due to massive southern Italian migration in the 20th century, there are also numbers of speakers in Italian diaspora communities in the United States, Canada, Australia, Brazil, Argentina and Venezuela. However, in the United States traditional Neapolitan has had considerable contact with English, and is significantly different from contemporary Neapolitan spoken in Naples. English words are often used in place of Neapolitan words, especially among second-generation speakers. The following dialects constitute Neapolitan; numbers refer to the map:〔''(Carta dei Dialetti d'Italia )'' (Mapping of dialects of Italy) by Giovan Battista Pellegrini, 1977 (in Italian)〕 *I. Abruzzese and Southern Marchigiano: * *Ia. ''Southern Marchigiano'' (Ascoli Piceno). * *Ib. ''Teramano'' (province of Teramo; northern province of Pescara: Atri). * *Ic. ''Abruzzese Eastern Adriatico'' (Southern province of Pescara: Penne, Francavilla al Mare; province of Chieti). * *Id. Western Abruzzese (southern part of province of L'Aquila: Pescina, Sulmona, Pescasseroli, Roccaraso). *II. Molisan (Molise): *IV. Campanian (Campania), * *IVa. ''Southern Laziale'' (southern part of province of Frosinone: Sora, Cassino; southern part of Province of Latina: Gaeta, Formia). * *IVb. Naples dialect (Neapolitan proper: Naples and the Gulf of Naples). * *IVc. ''Irpino'' (province of Avellino). * *IVd. ''Cilentano'' (southern part of province of Salerno: Vallo della Lucania). Is often considered part of the Sicilian language group. *III. Apulian (''Pugliese''): * *IIIa. ''Dauno'' (western province of Foggia: Foggia, Bovino). * *IIIb. ''Garganico'' (eastern province of Foggia: ''Gargano'', Vieste, Manfredonia). * *IIIc. ''Barese'' (province of Bari; western province of Taranto: Gioia del Colle). *V. Lucanian and Northern Calabrian: * *Va. Northwestern Lucanian (northern province of Potenza: Potenza, Melfi). * *Vb. Northeastern Lucanian (province of Matera: Matera, Gravina di Puglia). * *Vc. Central Lucanian (province of Potenza: Lagonegro, Pisticci, Laurenzana). * *Vd. Southern Lucanian. The "Lausberg Area"; archaic forms of Lucanian with Sardinian vocalism (described in Lausberg 1939). It lies between Calabria and Basilicata (Chiaromonte, Oriolo). * *Ve. Northern Calabrian (Cosentino) (province of Cosenza: Rossano, Diamante, Castrovillari). With transitional dialects to south of Cosenza, where they give way to Sicilian group dialects. The southernmost regions of Italy—most of Calabria and southern Apulia, as well as Sicily—are home to Sicilian rather than Neapolitan. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Neapolitan language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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