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Narcotic
The term narcotic (, from ancient Greek ναρκῶ ''narkō'', "to make numb") originally referred medically to any psychoactive compound with any sleep-inducing properties. In the United States it has since become associated with opiates and opioids, commonly morphine and heroin, as well derivatives of many of the compounds found within raw opium latex; The primary three are morphine, codeine, and thebaine (while thebaine itself is only very mildly psychoactive, it is a crucial precursor in the vast majority of semi-synthetic opioids, such as hydrocodone). ''Legally speaking'' the term "Narcotic" is, today, imprecisely defined and typically has negative connotations.〔Julien, Robert M. ''A Primer of Drug Action.'' 11th edition. Claire D. Advokat, Joseph E. Comaty, eds. New York: Worth Publishers: 2008. page 537.〕〔Mangione MP, Matoka M: Improving Pain Management Communication. How Patients Understand the terms "Opioid" and "Narcotic." Journal of General Internal Medicine 2008; vol 23:9 1336-1338.〕 When used in a legal context in the U.S., a ''narcotic'' drug is simply one that is totally prohibited, or one that is used in violation of governmental regulation, such as heroin or cannabis.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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