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Nafplio (, ''Nafplio'') is a seaport town in the Peloponnese in Greece that has expanded up the hillsides near the north end of the Argolic Gulf. The town was an important seaport held under a succession of royal houses in the Middle Ages as part of the lordship of Argos and Nauplia, held initially by the de la Roche following the Fourth Crusade before coming under the Republic of Venice and, lastly, the Ottoman Empire. The town was the capital of the First Hellenic Republic and of the Kingdom of Greece, from the start of the Greek Revolution in 1821 until 1834. Nafplio is now the capital of the regional unit of Argolis. ==Name== The name of the town changed several times over the centuries. The contemporary Greek name of the town is ''Nafplio'' (Ναύπλιο). In modern English, the most frequently used forms are ''Nauplia'' and ''Navplion''.〔See Merriam-Webster's (1993), p. 1495.〕 During the Classical Antiquity, it was known as ''Nauplia'' (Ναυπλία) in Attic Greek〔See Liddell and Scott revised by Jones (1940), Ναυπλία. Retrieved 2012-01-26.〕〔See Liddell and Scott (1889), Ναυπλία. Retrieved 2012-01-26.〕〔See Bailly (1901), p. 585, Ναυπλία. Retrieved 2013-07-03.〕〔See Smith (1854), NAU´PLIA. Retrieved 2012-01-26.〕 and ''Naupliē'' (Ναυπλίη) in Ionian Greek.〔 In Latin, it was called ''Nauplia''. During the Middle Ages, several variants were used in Byzantine Greek, including ''Náfplion'' (Ναύπλιον), ''Anáplion'' (Ἀνάπλιον), and ''Anáplia'' (Ἀνάπλια).〔 During the Late Middle Ages and early modern period, under Venetian domination, the town was known in Italian as Napoli di Romania, after the medieval usage of "Romania" to refer to the lands of the Byzantine Empire, and to distinguish it from ''Napoli'' (Naples) in Italy. Also during the early modern period, but this time under Ottoman rule, the Turkish name of the town was ''Mora Yenişehir'', after Morea, a medieval name for the Peloponnese, and "''yeni şehir''," the Turkish term for "new city" (apparently a translation from the Greek Νεάπολη, Italian ''Napoli''). The Ottomans also called it ''Anabolı.'' In the 19th century and early 20th century, the town was called indiscriminately ''Náfplion'' (Ναύπλιον) and ''Nafplio'' (Ναύπλιο) in modern Greek. Both forms were used in official documents and travel guides. This explains why the old form ''Náfplion'' (sometimes transliterated to ''Navplion'') still occasionally survives up to this day. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nafplio」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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