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Naushehra, (), is a town and sub-Tehsil (administrative subdivisions) of Khushab District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan.〔( Local Government Elections - Government of Pakistan )〕 It is the main town of Soon Valley.() The town is situated from Khushab city and from Kallar Kahar town in the heart of valley, surrounded by high hills, beautiful lakes, jungles, natural pools and ponds. It is also blessed with ancient civilization, natural resources, and fertile farms. The general height of surrounding hills is around 2500 feet above sea level, with several peaks reaching over 3000 feet. ==History== In the Soon valley of Salt Range, Naushehra, the main town of the valley, and its surroundings villages are always notable as the centre and home of the leading Awan tribe.〔History of Awan, by Muhammad Sarwar Khan Awan, 2009 by the Al- Faisal Nashran, Lahore.〕 Sir Lepel Henry Griffin also states that “In Shahpur District, the Awans held the hilly country to the north west, Jalar, Naoshera (Naushera) and Sukesar, where the head of the tribe still resides.”〔“The Panjab Chiefs: Historical and Biographical Notices of the Principal Families in the Territories Under the Panjab Government”〕 At some time between the era of Mahmud of Ghazni and Sultan Shahab ud din Ghori, Arabs marauders captured the mountainous region of Salt range and settled in the mountains after they defeated the Janjuas, Gakhars, and other Rajput tribes until they permanently settled for at least six hundred years.〔District Gazetteer of Mianwali 1915, http://www.mianwalionline.com/History-gazateer.shtml〕 During the period of Delhi Sultanate and Mughal period, the government at Lahore maintained only a nominal control over such remote western hilly areas as Soon valley. In the absence of a stable political structure, Awans fought to maintain the lands of their ancestors which they had inherited. It is stated in the Imperial Gazetteer of India that “They are essentially a tribe of the Salt Range, where they once held independent possessions of very considerable extent, and in the western and central portions of which they are still the dominant race.”〔The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Vol. 7, p. 170〕 While writing about the Chiefs of Punjab, Sir Lepel Henry Griffin states in his book entitled, “The Panjab Chiefs: the most authentic book on the subject that; ''“All branches of the tribe (Awans) are unanimous in stating that they originally came from neighourhood of Ghazni to India, and all trace their genealogy to Hasrat Ali the son-in-law of the Prophet. Kutab Shah, who came from Ghazni with Sultan Mahmud, was the common ancestor of the Awans"''.〔 Qutb Shah’s sons are said to have settled in the mountains in the centre of what is now Soon Valley and Sakesar. Later, some of them withdrew to neighbourhood of Salt Range. They occupied more prosperous plains and open plateaux. Some of them withdrew to west of Salt Range and settled at Kalabh.〔The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Vol. 14, P290〕 Some of them withdrew to North and settled and founded a town Talagang. According to the Imperial Gazetteer of India,〔The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Vol. 08, P162〕 it was founded by an Awan chieftain, about the year 1625. It has ever since remained the seat of local administration under the Awans, the Sikh, and the British. One branch of the tribe withdrew to the east of Salt Range near Jehlum.〔The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Vol. 07, P170〕 Other branch withdrew to the south of the range and settled at the north of Shahpur. With the passage of time and the force of economic pressure, they then spread from that region into Mianwali, Chakwal, Camelpur now Attock, Mianwali, Jehlum, Rawalpindi,Haripur,Abbottabad,Mardan(Sawal Dher Village) Peshawar valley and all parts of Azad Kashmir. Ibbetson, D states in his book Punjab Castes, that the Awans of Jalandhar claimed that their ancestors served in the armies of the Slave Dynasty and the Khilji dynasty during the Delhi Sultanate period, who brought them from the Salt-range.〔“The Jalandhar Awans state that they came into that district as followers of one of the early Emperors of Delhi who brought them with him from the Salt-range; and it is not impossible that they may have accompanied the forces of Babur. Many of them were in former times in the imperial service at Delhi, keeping up at the same time their connection with their Jalandhar homes.” Ibbetson, D., 2001, Punjab Castes, Sang-e-Meel Publications p.170.〕 But the main noble branch of Awan tribe maintained their dominian in these mountainous regions.〔1. "The home of the Awan in the Pan jab is the Salt Range", The Panjab, North-West Frontier Province and Kashmir - James Douie Page 105. 2. "The best of the Musalman tribes comes from thje Salt range".The Armies of India By A. C. Lovett, Major, Gf Macmunn, Page 141 3. "Salt Range was the main habitat of Awans". History of the Sikh gurus: a comprehensive study by Surjit Singh Gandhi p.2. 4. "They settled about 1035, AD in the Peshawar district, and eventually became possessed of the Salt Range country." A short history of the Sikhs by Charles Herbert Payne - 1970, p.234 〕 These are undoubtedly the leading tribes among the Awan people. As a whole this is they who have kept alight the lantern of the race. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Naushera」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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