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Burna-Buriaš II, rendered in cuneiform as ''Bur-na-'' or ''Bur-ra-Bu-ri-ia-aš'' in royal inscriptions and letters, and meaning ''servant of the Lord of the lands'' in the Kassite language, where Buriaš is a Kassite storm god possibly corresponding to the Greek Boreas, was a king in the Kassite dynasty of Babylon, in a kingdom called Karduniaš at the time, ruling ca. 1359–1333 BC (short chronology). Recorded as the 19th King to ascend the Kassite throne, he succeeded Kadašman-Enlil I, who was likely his father, and ruled for 27 years. He was a contemporary of the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten. The proverb "the time of checking the books is the shepherds' ordeal" was attributed to him in a letter to the later king Esarhaddon from his agent Mar-Issar. ==Correspondence with Egypt== The diplomatic correspondence between Burna-Buriaš and the pharaohs is preserved in nine of the Amarna letters, designated EA (for ''El Amarna'') 6 to 14. The relationship between Babylon and Egypt during his reign was friendly at the start, 〔EA 6, Burna-Buriaš to Nummuwarea (Amenhotep III): "An offer of friendship," tablet VAT 149 in the Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin, (CDLI ) (ORACC Transliteration )〕 and a marriage alliance was in the making. "From the time my ancestors and your ancestors made a mutual declaration of friendship, they sent beautiful greeting-gifts to each other, and refused no request for anything beautiful."〔EA 9, Burna-Buriaš to Nibḫurrereya (Tutankhamen?): "Ancient loyalties, new requests," tablet BM 29785 in the British Museum, London, (CDLI ) (ORACC Transliteration )〕 Burna-Buriaš was obsessed with being received as an equal and often refers to his counterpart as "brother". They exchanged presents, horses, lapis-lazuli and other precious stones from Burna-Buriaš and ivory, ebony and gold from Akhenaten.〔EA 14, Egyptian king to Burna-Buriaš: "Inventory of Egyptian gifts," tablets VAT 1651 and VAT 2711 in the Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin, and 1893.1-41 in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, (CDLI ) (ORACC Transliteration )〕 But then things began to go sour. On EA 10,〔EA 10, Burna-Buriaš to Napḫureya (Akhenaten): "Egyptian gold and carpenters," tablet BM 29786 in the British Museum, London, (CDLI ) (ORACC Transliteration )〕 he complains that the gold sent was underweight. “You have detained my messenger for two years!” he declares in consternation.〔EA 7, Burna-Buriaš to Napḫureya (Akhenaten): "A lesson in geography," tablet VAT 150 in the Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin, (CDLI ) (ORACC Transliteration )〕 He reproached the Egyptian for not having sent his condolences when he was ill〔 and, when his daughter's wedding was underway, he complained that only five carriages were sent to convey her to Egypt.〔EA 11, Burna-Buriaš to Napḫureya (Akhenaten): "Proper escort for a betrothed princess," tablet VAT 151 in the Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin, (CDLI ) (ORACC Transliteration )〕 The bridal gifts filled 4 columns and 307 lines of cuneiform inventory on tablet EA 13.〔EA 13, Burna-Buriaš to Napḫureya (Akhenaten): "Inventory of a dowry," tablet VAT 1717 in the Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin, (CDLI ) (ORACC Transliteration )〕 Not only were matters of state of concern. "What you want from my land, write and it shall be brought, and what I want from your land, I will write, that it may be brought."〔 But even in matters of trade, things went awry and, in EA 8,〔EA 8, Burna-Buriaš to Napḫureya (Akhenaten): "Merchants murdered, vengeance demanded," tablet VAT 152 in the Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin, (CDLI ) (ORACC Transliteration )〕 he complains that Egypt's Canaanite vassals had robbed and murdered his merchants. He demanded vengeance, naming Šum-Adda, the son of Balumme, affiliation unknown, and Šutatna, the son of Šaratum of Akka, as the villainous perpetrators.〔 In his correspondence with the Pharaohs, he did not hesitate to remind them of their obligations, quoting ancient loyalties: Posterity has not preserved any Egyptian response, however, Abdi-Heba, the Canaanite Mayor of Jerusalem, then a small hillside town, wrote in EA 287〔EA 287, Abdi-Heba to Egyptian Pharaoh: "A very serious crime," tablet VAT 1644 in the Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin, (CDLI ) (ORACC transliteration )〕 that Kassite agents had attempted to break into his home and assassinate him. One letter〔EA 12, Princess to King: "A letter from a princess," tablet VAT 1605 in the Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin, (CDLI ) (ORACC Transliteration )〕 preserves the apologetic response from a ''mārat šarri'', or princess, to her m''bé-lí-ia'', or lord (Nefertiti to Burna-Buriaš?). The letters present a playful, forthright and at times petulant repartee, but perhaps conceal a cunning interplay between them, to confirm their relative status, cajole the provision of desirable commodities and measure their respective threat, best exemplified by Burna-Buriaš' feigned ignorance of the distance between their countries, a four month journey by caravan.〔 Here he seems to test Akhenaten to shame him into sending gold〔 or perhaps just to gauge the extent of his potential military reach. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Burna-Buriash II」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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