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Nebelspalter
The ''Nebelspalter'' is a Swiss satirical magazine. It was founded in 1875〔 by Jean Nötzli of Zurich as an "''illustrated humorous political weekly''." The magazine was modelled on British magazine ''Punch''. It continues to this day, though has been a monthly since late 1996. When ''Punch'' ceased publication in 2002, ''Nebelspalter'' became the oldest continually published humor magazine in the world.
==Becoming a national institution==
The ''Nebelspalter'' — the title translates as "Fog-cleaver" — had its heyday in the 1930s, before and during the Second World War, when it denounced the acts of violence and ideology of the Nazis and of their followers in Switzerland, the Frontists. In 1933 ''Nebelspalter'' was banned in the German Empire. Meanwhile its circulation in Switzerland increased rapidly: in 1922 when the Rorschach publisher Ernst Löpfe-Benz took over the ''Nebelspalter'' its circulation was only 364 copies, partly as a consequence of its unpopular stance during the First World War. In 1945 the circulation was 30,000. The ''Nebelspalter'' had developed into a "spearhead of intellectual defense" against National Socialism, and it took a similar stand against communism in the Cold War until the 1960s .
The popularity of the "Nebi", as it was called, was to a large extent due to the then editor-in-chief Carl Böckli (born September 23, 1889, died 4 December 1970), who was talented both as an illustrator and writer in the tradition of Wilhelm Busch. Under his pen name "Bö", he produced thousands of cartoons, drawings and texts until 1962. Circulation rose to 70,000 copies by the 1970s. For decades, the ''Nebelspalter'' was Switzerland's leading satirical medium and talent factory, associated with the biographies of such well known artists as René Gilsi, Jakob Nef, Fritz Behrendt, Nico Cadsky, and Horst Haitzinger, and of satirists such as César Keiser, Franz Hohler, Lorenz Keiser, Peter Root and Linard Bardill. The well-known Uri painter Heinrich Danioth was a draftsman and illustrator for the ''Nebelspalter'' for 15 years. The poet Albert Ehrismann was on the staff for more than three decades and published over 1,600 poems published there.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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